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Understanding Command Forms in Spanish: Tú, Usted, Ustedes, and Nosotros

This lesson focuses on the command forms in Spanish, specifically for the pronouns tú, usted, ustedes, and nosotros. Unlike English, Spanish has a more complex system for commands, with variations based on the subject being addressed. We will explore the three-step process for forming affirmative and negative commands and discuss the irregular forms. Examples will include the command forms for AR, ER, and IR verbs, as well as careful attention to spelling changes for certain verbs. Understanding these rules will allow for effective communication in Spanish.

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Understanding Command Forms in Spanish: Tú, Usted, Ustedes, and Nosotros

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  1. Other command forms Avancemos 3 – Unidad 2 Lección 1

  2. Command forms: • In English, commands almost always stay the same. Stop! is Stop! regardless of who you are speaking to. • In English when you include yourself in a group (we), you simply add “let’s” in front of the verb to form the command: • In Spanish, there are more variations of the command form. In this PowerPoint, we will look at the usted/ustedes/nosotros command forms: • Example: Stop! (command in English) = in Spanish ¡Para! (tú command) ¡Pare! (usted command) ¡Paren! (ustedes command) BUT ¡Paremos! = Let’s stop! (nosotros command)

  3. Otrosmandatos: • So far we have learned how to construct affirmative and negative commands with “tú” • We also need to know the command forms used with “usted”/ “ustedes” and “nosotros”. • The good news is – once you know how to conjugate a negative tú command, usted, ustedes, and nosotros commands are easy!! • You follow the same 3 step process as for negative tú commands but use a different opposite ending 

  4. Usted and ustedes commands: The 3 step process: • 1. Go to the YO form • 2. Drop the “o” • 3. Add the opposite ending (For AR verbs either e (usted) or en (ustedes) (For ER/IR verbs either a (usted) or an (ustedes) Example 1: Tirar Yotiro ¡(No) tire! ¡(No) tiren! Example 2: Comer Yocomo ¡(No) coma! ¡(No) coman!

  5. Nosotros commands The 3 step process: • 1. Go to the YO form • 2. Drop the “o” • 3. Add the opposite ending (For AR verbs use emos) (For ER/IR verbs use amos) Example 1: Tirar Yotiro ¡(No) tiremos! Example 2: Comer Yocomo ¡(No) comamos! The nosotros command translates as “Let’s…..” In English To make any of these commands (usted, ustedes, nosotros) negative, you simply add a NO in front of the command. YOU DON’T HAVE TO CHANGE ANYTHING ELSE.

  6. SIDES – Irregular Tú commands • As with tú commands, the same irregulars apply here. If there is an irregular “yo” form, the usted/ustedes/nosotros commands will also be irregular: We also see the same irregular SIDES verbs: • S – ser – sea/sean/seamos • I – ir – vaya/vayan/** (no)vayamos • D – dar – dé/dén/demos • E – estar - esté/estén/estemos • S – sepa/sepan/sepamos ** exception – To say “Let’s go”, use “¡Vamos!” BUT To say “Let’s not go”, use “vayamos”

  7. CAR/GAR/ZAR verbs • As with the negative tú commands, verbs that end in CAR/GAR/ZAR will require a spelling change in the usted/ustedes/nosotros commands (c-qu, g-gu, z-c): Buscar: Yobusco - ¡busque!/¡busquen!/¡busquemos! Organizar: Yoorganizo - ¡organice!/¡organicen!/¡organicemos! Jugar: Yojuego - ¡juegue!/¡jueguen!/¡juguemos!

  8. Unapráctica • Don’t delegate (Uds.) • Give (Ud.) • Be nice (Uds.) • Let’s go • Don’t play (Uds.) • Start (Ud.) • Take out (Uds.) • Let’s not change • ¡No deleguen¡ • ¡Dé! • ¡Sean amables! • ¡Vamos! • ¡No jueguen! • ¡Empiece! • ¡Saquen! • ¡No cambiemos!

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