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Understanding the Anatomy and Function of the Ear: Hearing and Balance

This chapter explores the anatomy and function of the ear, detailing its structures and their roles in hearing and maintaining balance. The external ear, middle ear, and inner ear are described, highlighting components like the auricle, tympanic membrane, ossicles, cochlea, and semicircular canals. It covers common medical terms such as otomycosis and tympanitis, along with disorders like Meniere's disease and tinnitus. The text also introduces key surgical and diagnostic terms associated with ear health, making it a comprehensive resource for understanding ear anatomy.

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Understanding the Anatomy and Function of the Ear: Hearing and Balance

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Ear Terminology chapter 13

  2. Function • To hear • To provide the sense of balance

  3. Structure of the Ear • External ear • Auricle (pinna) to the eardrum • Directs sound waves into the ear

  4. Structure of the Ear • Middle ear • Eardrum (tympanic membrane) • Eustachian tube connects middle ear to pharynx • Equalizes air pressure on both sides of eardrum • Ossicles • Carry sound vibrations • 3 small bones

  5. Structure of the Ear • Inner ear • Bony space in skull • Cochlea • Contains organ of hearing • Semicircular canals and vestibule • Sense of balance is maintained here • Equilibrium

  6. Word Parts • Combining forms • acou/o, audi/o………… hearing • aur/i, aur/o, ot/o……….ear • labyrinth/o…………….. inner ear • myring/o………………..eardrum, tympanic membrane

  7. Medical Terms • Otomycosis • fungus in the ear • usually affects the outer ear canal

  8. Medical Terms • Tympanitis • inflammation of the middle ear • commonly called otitis media (OM) • Bulging, perforated, or reddened tympanic membrane are signs • Common in children

  9. Disease and Disorder Terms • Meniere’s disease • Chronic disorder • affects the inner ear • Dizziness, ringing in the ears, and hearing loss are the symptoms Normal Abnormal

  10. Disease and Disorder Terms • Tinnitus • Ringing in the ears • Can be caused by Aspirin

  11. Disease and Disorder Terms • Vertigo • sense that one’s own body or the environment is revolving • may indicate inner ear disease

  12. Surgical Terms • Myringotomy • Incision into the eardrum to release pus or fluid and relieve pressure in the middle ear

  13. Diagnostic Terms • Otoscope • instrument used for visual examination of the ear

  14. Complementary Terms • Audiologist • one who studies and specializes in hearing • Audiology • study of hearing

  15. Common Abbreviations • EENT……..eyes, ears, nose, and throat • OM………..otitis media • AD…………right ear • AS…………left ear • AU…………both ears

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