Andy Ridings (CMIOSH, MIIRSM) HARM Health & Safety Consultants February 2007

1. Bandsaw Blade Safe Handling & Machine Operation Training Course Andy Ridings (CMIOSH, MIIRSM) HARM Health & Safety Consultants February 2007

2. Course Agenda The Law and Processing Machinery Hazards associated with the operation of metal cutting / processing machinery Processing Machinery Safety Inspections Bandsaw Blade Safe Handling Any Questions Practical Demonstrations

3. The Law and Processing Machinery

4. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HASAWA) The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (MHSWR) The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER)

5. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (H.A.S.A.W.A)

6. Section 2 & 3 of the Act places General Duties on Hub Le Bas To ensure so far as is “Reasonably Practicable” the health, safety and welfare at work of all employees and anyone other than their employees who may be affected by the company’s operations.

7. “Reasonably Practicable” This is a narrower term than physically possible and implies that a balance may be struck between the risk involved on one hand and the effort involved in averting the risk on the other whether in terms of time, trouble or money.

8. Under the General Duties Imposed in Section 2 Hub Le Bas will: Provide and maintain plant, machinery, systems and systems of work that are safe and without risk to health; Provide and maintain a safe place of work with safe access and egress; Ensure safety and the absence of risk to health in the use, handling, storage and transport of our products

9. Under the General Duties Imposed in Section 2 Hub Le Bas will: Provide any necessary information, instruction, training and supervision to ensure your health and safety; Provide and maintain a safe working environment that is without risk to health whilst also incorporating adequate welfare facilities;

10. Section 7 & 8 General duties of employees: These sections place general obligations on every employee whether you are a cleaner, warehouse operative or managing director. You should: Take reasonable care for your own and the health, safety and welfare of others who may be affected by your Acts or omissions at work

11. Section 7 & 8 General duties of employees: Co-operate with Hub Le Bas as far as may be necessary to enable us to carry out our legal duties Not intentionally or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided by Hub Le Bas in the interests of health, safety and welfare

12. Fines and Penalties: Since March 1992 courts have been able to impose severe penalties for health and safety offences. Magistrates have the power to impose fines of up to £20,000 and up to 2 years imprisonment on Hub Le Bas Senior Managers and up to £5000 on our employees with custodial sentences of up to six months. Crown Courts can impose longer custodial sentences and unlimited fines against the firm.

13. Test Your Knowledge? In which year did the Health and Safety at Work Act become law? 1998 1972 1974 1999 The Correct Answer is 1974

14. Test Your Knowledge? Which sections of the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) mainly relate to the employees responsibilities: 2 & 3 4 & 5 6 & 7 7 & 8 The Correct Answer is 7 & 8

15. Test Your Knowledge? As an employee of Hub Le Bas you have responsibility under the Health and Safety at Work Act for your: Time Keeping Acts or Omissions Supervision The Correct Answer is You are responsible for your Own Acts or Omissions

16. Test Your Knowledge? True or False If you intentionally damage something provided in the interests of health and safety you could receive a 6 month prison sentence? True Unless someone is killed in which case you could be charged with manslaughter and face up to 8 years in prison

17. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999(M.H.S.W.R):

18. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (M.H.S.W.R). The main focus of the regulations is to ensure that company’s assess the physical risks of their business operations by performing and recording formal “Risk Assessments”

19. Risk Assessment The risk assessments carried out by Hub Le Bas identify the hazards present in your working environment or arising out of our commercial and work activities and evaluate the extent of the risks involved to you taking in to account any existing precautions and their effectiveness.

20. Information for Employees (Reg 10): Regulation 10 states that Hub Le Bas must provide their employees with comprehensible and relevant information on The risks to their health and safety identified by the risk assessments The preventative and protective measures employed

21. Employees Duties (Reg 14): Every employee of Hub Le Bas will use any machinery, equipment, dangerous substances, transport equipment, means of production, safety device or system provided to them in accordance with both any training given too and any instructions respecting the use of equipment which have been provided by Hub Le Bas in compliance with the requirements and prohibitions imposed under any relevant statutory provisions.

22. Employees Duties (Reg 14): Every employee shall inform his supervisor or any other employee with specific responsibility for the health and safety of employees of: Any work situation where with the employees training and instruction they would consider it to be an immediate threat to health and safety Any matter where with the employees training and instruction they would consider it to be a shortcoming in Hub Le Bas arrangements for health and safety.

23. Test Your Knowledge? Originally issued in 1992 in which year did the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (M.H.S.W.R) updated? 1998 1972 1974 1999 The Correct Answer is 1999

24. Test Your Knowledge? What are the four main factors to be considered when carrying out a risk assessment: a) Date, Time, Location, People b) Likelihood, People, Risk, Hazard c) Hazard, Likelihood, Severity, Risk d) Risk, Hazard, Time, Severity The Correct Answer is C) Hazard, Likelihood, Severity, Risk

25. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER 98):

26. PUWER 98 The original PUWER regulations came in to force in 1992. They were updated by the 1998 regulations which came in to effect December 5th 1998 Contraventions of PUWER regulations are punished under the relevant sections of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

27. PUWER 98 Terms and Definitions: Work Equipment: Any machine, appliance, apparatus, tool or installation for use at work. Use: Means any activity involving work equipment and includes starting, stopping, programming, transporting, modifying, repairing, maintaining, servicing and cleaning Inspection: Means a visual or more vigorous inspection carried out by a competent person. Where appropriate this will include testing.

28. Specific Sections of PUWER 98: Section 7: Specific Risks Where the use of work equipment involves a specific risk every employer shall ensure that the use and repair is restricted to those who have been trained and authorised

29. Specific Sections of PUWER 98: Section 8: Information and Instruction All persons who use work equipment shall have available any information and instructions required to ensure their health and safety pertaining to this work equipment All persons who supervise or manage the use of work equipment shall have available any information and instructions pertaining to the use of such equipment

30. Specific Sections of PUWER 98: Section 9: Training Hub Le Bas shall ensure that all persons who use work equipment have received adequate training for purposes of health and safety including training in methods which may be adopted when using the work equipment and any risks which such use may entail and the precautions to be taken.

31. Hazards associated with the operation of metal cutting / processing machinery

32. Electricity Cutting / processing machinery operation requires a minimum of 24 volts and a maximum of 440 volts This is what can happen when the human hand comes into contact with electricity This is the hand of a qualified electrician. (The pictures were taken 2 days apart) If you’re not a qualified electrician you’re not authorised to repair anything electrical

33. Mechanical All processing equipment has moving parts which include vices, feed carriages, band wheels, swarf conveyors, cooling fans, powered rollers, swarf cleaning brushes and the blade it’s self. It is a legal requirement that any moving part is guarded to prevent it from causing an injury to the operator. The guards can be fixed guards, safety interlocks even light barriers which stop the equipment when a light beam is broken

34. Fixed Guards Interlocks

35. Interlock

36. Mechanical You Must Not ! Operate equipment which does not have all the guards securely fitted Operate equipment which has inoperative safety interlocks Try to remove cut material from close to a moving saw blade You must not place any part of your body close to a moving saw blade Report any defective equipment to your supervisor after you have safely isolated the equipment from use

37. Noise Noise produced from the operation of cutting / processing equipment can at times exceed 85db (a) All employees are issued with hearing protection which must be worn at all times in the processing area or anywhere you see this sign

38. Manual Handling Anyone Hurt?

39. Accident Statistics Largest cause of accidents at work 37% Manual Handling 20% Struck by an Object 19% Slips, Trips and Falls 12% Other Causes 7% Falling from Height 5% Machinery

40. Accident Statistics Interpreted another way - the overall figure of 37% means that: 86,000 people are absent from work daily 26,500,000 working days are lost annually £1,000,000,000 is lost in production, sickness benefit and medical costs In terms of suffering each injury results in an average of 20 days off work and some people never fully recover. Four out of five people suffer with back related problems at some time but the risk is greater after the age of 30.

41. Definition of Manual Handling The transporting or supporting of a load by hand or some other part of the body including the lifting, putting down, pushing, pulling, carrying, moving or intentionally dropping or throwing of a load

42. The Human Back Parts List 1 Spinal Cord 24 Discs 31 Pairs of Nerves 33 Vertebrae 118 Joints 400 Muscles Total Number of Parts 607 approximately

43. Kinetic Lifting One Person Lift Determine the weight Look for sharp edges See if weight is evenly distributed Keep heaviest side to body Decide how to hold the load If you think it is too heavy use a crane or get assistance

44. Kinetic Lifting Correct Positioning of Feet Comfortably apart One foot positioned in direction of movement Other foot where it can give maximum thrust to the body To maintain good balance feet should never be too close together on the ground

45. Kinetic Lifting Straight Back Lower the body by relaxing the knees Keep your back straight (but not vertical) Keep load close to body Keep chin in and head back

46. Kinetic Lifting Lifting If lifting from ground make maximum use of legs Keep back straight but inclined forward As lift proceeds and the legs are straightened the back returns to vertical position Positioning of feet and bending of knees are the key factors in maintaining a straight back

47. Kinetic Lifting Correct Grip Take a firm grip by using the palms of the hands and roots of fingers Taking weight on finger tips will create pressure at the end of fingers and could strain muscles and tendons in the arms A full palm grip will reduce muscle stress to the arms and decrease the possibility of the load slipping

48. Kinetic Lifting Lifting Smoothly Thrust from back foot and straightening of knees will move body forwards and upwards and briefly off balance Immediately countered by bringing the back foot forward as if walking The lift now completed forward movement results in smooth transition from lifting to carrying

49. Kinetic Lifting Carrying the Load Make sure you can see where you are going Avoid twisting the body move your feet instead If you need to change your grip set the load down don’t attempt to adjust whilst walking Setting the Load Down Use the correct stance for lifting and set the load down gently

50. Video: Manual Handling the Facts