Unit 8: World War One

1. Unit 8: World War One • causes • course • effects of nationalism • ethnic and ideological conflicts • Woodrow Wilson’s leadership in the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations

2. World War I • When: 1914-1918 (US enters in 1917) • Who: Central Powers vs Allies • Why: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism -Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand • Impact: -Treaty of Versailles – -League of Nations – US did not join -Germany: pay reparations, war guilt, lost territory -Russia  Soviet Union

3. Unit 8: WWI

4. Unit 9: Roaring 20’s & Great Depression • social, cultural, and economic effects of scientific innovation • consumer financing options - Installment Plan • expansion of mass production techniques • invention of new home appliances • role of transportation in changing urban life • Harlem Renaissance • new trends in literature, music, and art; and the effects of radio and movies • role of women & their attainment of the right to vote • “Red Scare” & the Sacco and Vanzetti case • resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan • immigration quotas - nativism • Prohibition • Scopes trial

5. Unit 9: Roaring 20’s & Great Depression • Stock market crash • Cause and Effect • Great Depression • the disparity in incomes • limited government regulation • stock market speculation • collapse of the farm economy • Effects on Human beings and Environment • 1st and 2nd New Deals • Women & Minority rights in the workplace • successes, controversies, & failures of recovery

6. Unit 9: Roaring 20’s & Great Depression

7. Unit 10: WWII • Rise & aggression of totalitarian regimes • Italy - Benito Mussolini • Germany - Adolf Hitler • Japan - Hideki Tojo • isolationism to international involvement • US decision to go to WWII • Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor • Leaders of World War II • Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Charles de Gaulle.

8. Unit 10: WWII • Major events • Battle of the Bulge, Midway, Normandy, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa; Hiroshima & Nagasaki; • At Home: • war bond drives, rationing, the role of women and minorities in the workforce, and racial and ethnic tensions like internment of Japanese Americans. • Allies response to war crimes, including the Holocaust & war crimes trials -Nuremberg • Impact of the scientific & technological developments in US after World War II • new systems for scientific research, medical advances, improvements in agricultural technology, & resultant changes in the standard of living & demographic patterns

9. WWII • When: 1939-1945 (US enters in 1941) • Who: Axis vs Allies • Why: Hitler took many European countries. League of Nations too weak to stop him Countries hurting from the Depression • Impacts: -United Nations -Nuremberg Trials -Countries formed like Israel -Free Elections -Start of the Cold War -Israel created - New technology (microwave, penicillin, pesticides, radar…)

10. Unit 10: World War II

11. Affluent 50’s • causes & effects of social & cultural changes in postwar America • educational programs • expanding suburbanization – Levittown • Consumer culture • secularization of society • Reemergence of religious conservatism • roles of women in American society.

12. Affluent 50’s • origins of Cold War • course of the Cold War • containment policy -conflicts in Korea • the nuclear arms race • Space race • the effects of the “Red Scare” and McCarthyism • military alliances – NATO, WARSAW, SEATO

13. Korean “Conflict” • When: 1950-1953 • Who: North Korea (USSR) vs South Korea (USA) • Why: North attacked South Korea -US fear of domino theory – wanted to contain • Impact: -Armistice – 38th Parallel redrawn

14. Affluent 50’s

15. Multiple Choice

16. WWI – Affluent 50s Which of these was a fundamental cause of World War I?  A) a worldwide economic depression  B) a communist revolution in Russia  C) the growth of nationalism in Europe  D) the end of the international slave trade

17. Answer: CExplanation: The growth of nationalism in Europe was a major cause of the first World War. Nations like England, France, and the newly-unified Germany believed themselves to be superior to their neighbors and used military force to back up that belief.

18. WWI – Affluent 50s The purpose of Woodrow Wilson's "Fourteen Points" was to  A) state the U.S. goals in W. W. I.  B) encourage Italy to join the Allied Powers.  C) explain why the U.S. did not enter World War I in 1914.  D) explain the U.S. position concerning the Bolshevick Revolution in Russia.

19. Answer: AExplanation: The purpose of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points was to state the U.S. goals in W. W. I. The Fourteen Points dealt with such things as disarmament, freedom of the seas, and, of course, the League of Nations.

20. WWI – Affluent 50s The Treaty of Versailles brought to an end to  A) World War I.  B) World War II.  C) The French Revolution.  D) The American Revolution.

21. Answer: AExplanation: The Treaty of Versailles brought to an end World War I. Unfortunately, it was so poorly conceived that it inadvertently brought about the Great Depression AND World War II.

22. WWI – Affluent 50s The League of Nations  A) was supported by President Wilson, but rejected by Congress.  B) was established prior to WWI but proved incapable of preventing the war.  C) had widespread popular support in the US but was rejected by President Wilson..  D) successfully prevented the rise of dictatorships in Europe following World War I.

23. Answer: AExplanation: The League of Nations was supported by President Wilson, but rejected by Congress. This was the cornerstone of Wilson's "Fourteen Points," but the U.S. Senate thought it would possibly give away U.S. power to foreign organizations. If it had been successful, it might have prevented the rise of dictatorships in Europe following WWI.

24. WWI – Affluent 50s When World War I began, the official United States policy was  A) to enter on the side of the Allied Powers.  B) to remain militarily and politically neutral.  C) to support the Central Powers by providing war materials.  D) to support the Allied Powers while staying out of the war.

25. Answer: BExplanation: When World War I began, the official United States policy was to remain militarily and politically neutrality. The war was seen as a purely European conflict, though this view would obviously change.

26. WWI – Affluent 50s • The U.S. Congress refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles (1919) because  A) it punished Germany too harshly.  B) the United States did not receive enough territory.  C) President Wilson was against the League of Nations.  D) it felt the League of Nations would restrict America of its sovereignty.

27. Answer: DExplanation: Despite the fact that President Wilson created the League of Nations, the Senate refused to approve American membership into the organization. Their concern was that the League of Nations would restrict America of its sovereignty to wage war or protect the country from attack.

28. WWI – Affluent 50s A similarity between the Red Scare of the 1920’s and McCarthyism in the 1950’s was that during each period A. thousands of American citizens were expelled from the United States B. the Communist Party gained many members in the United States C. many government employees were convicted of giving secrets to the Soviet Union D. the civil liberties of American citizens were threatened

29. D. During the Palmer Raids of the 1920’s the headquarters of dissident and communist organizations were raided with out warrants. Also, 4,000+ people were arrested and help without trial or access to counsel, newspapers were shut down and some legal foreigners were deported. During the 1950’s the policy of “blacklisting” resulted in many Americans inside and outside the government loosing their jobs, without cause.

30. WWI – Affluent 50s The successful launching of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957 signaled the beginning of A. American fears that the Soviets had achieved technological superiority B. the Cold War with the United States C. Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and China D. disarmament discussions between the superpowers

31. A. The “Space Race” began in 1957 when the Soviet Union launched the first manmade satellite, Sputnik. The American government and the American people feared that control of space determine the winner in the cold war. The tension created by the cold war, along with the perceived technology gap, led the United States to pour billions of dollars into the development of a space program (NASA). The space race culminated with the quest for the moon, promised by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 and coming to fruition with Neil Armstrong’s “giant leap for mankind” in 1969.

32. The baby boom primarily resulted from the A. economic prosperity of the 1920s B. Great Depression of the 1930s C. delay in marriages during World War II D. counterculture movement of the 1960s

33. C.

34. WWI – Affluent 50s The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan represented attempts by the United States to deal with the A. national debt B. spread of communism C. President’s political opposition D. arms race

35. B. The Truman Doctrine was request to the US Congress for assistance for Greece and Turkey (weapons, food, aid) in their on-going struggle against Communism within their nations. The Marshall plan was billions of dollars in US aid for the war revenged nations of Europe, following the Second World War. The intention of the Marshall plan was to provide an incentive for the nations of Europe to reject a move to communism and allow a stable transition to democratic governments.

36. WWI – Affluent 50s Shortly after World War II, the cold war developed mainly as a result of the A. United States refusal to send economic aid to European nations B. Soviet domination of Eastern Europe C. competition between the superpowers to explore outer space D. continuation of the pre-World War II balance of power

37. B. At the end of World War II the Soviet Union did not withdraw from the Eastern European nations that it had liberated from German control. Instead, the USSR set up communist governments in these nations, who were directly under the domination and control of Moscow. The US and Western European governments feared the USSR would attempt to expand the ‘Iron Curtain’ of communism further. The resulting fear, mistrust and confrontation, gave birth to the nearly 50 year long Cold War.

38. WWI – Affluent 50s The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan represented attempts by the United States to deal with the A. national debt B. spread of communism C. President’s political opposition D. arms race

39. B. The Truman Doctrine was request to the US Congress for assistance for Greece and Turkey (weapons, food, aid) in their on-going struggle against Communism within their nations. The Marshall plan was billions of dollars in US aid for the war revenged nations of Europe, following the Second World War. The intention of the Marshall plan was to provide an incentive for the nations of Europe to reject a move to communism and allow a stable transition to democratic governments.

40. WWI – Affluent 50s Shortly after World War II, the cold war developed mainly as a result of the A. United States refusal to send economic aid to European nations B. Soviet domination of Eastern Europe C. competition between the superpowers to explore outer space D. continuation of the pre-World War II balance of power

41. B. At the end of World War II the Soviet Union did not withdraw from the Eastern European nations that it had liberated from German control. Instead, the USSR set up communist governments in these nations, who were directly under the domination and control of Moscow. The US and Western European governments feared the USSR would attempt to expand the ‘Iron Curtain’ of communism further. The resulting fear, mistrust and confrontation, gave birth to the nearly 50 year long Cold War.

42. What was the main purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and the Berlin air-lift? A. controlling Nazism in Europe B. establishing friendly relations between the United States and the Soviet Union C. spreading democracy to developing nations D. limiting Soviet expansion

43. D. The Truman Doctrine was request to the US Congress for assistance for Greece and Turkey (weapons, food, aid) in their on-going struggle against Communism within their nations. The Marshall plan was billions of dollars in US aid for the war revenged nations of Europe, following the Second World War. The intention of the Marshall plan was to provide an incentive for the nations of Europe to reject a move to communism and allow a stable transition to democratic governments. In 1949 the USSR controlled, communist government of Eastern Germany blockaded access to the democratic, western half of Berlin (the city of Berlin was totally contained within Eastern Germany). Truman responded by ordering the Berlin Airlift, a dropping of food, medicine and supplies into the city by plane. These cases exemplify the policy of containment toward communism.

44. Political Cartoon # 1 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?

45. Political Cartoon # 2 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?

46. Political Cartoon # 3 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?