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CSCI1412 Lecture 1

phones off (please). CSCI1412 Lecture 1. Hardware 1 Introduction and Overview Dr John Cowell. Overview. Personal introduction Module outline topics assessment resources the Blackboard site Introduction to hardware types of computers definitions of hardware and software

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CSCI1412 Lecture 1

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  1. phones off(please) CSCI1412Lecture 1 Hardware 1 Introduction and Overview Dr John Cowell

  2. Overview • Personal introduction • Module outline • topics • assessment • resources • the Blackboard site • Introduction to hardware • types of computers • definitions of hardware and software • basic computer components CSCI1412-HW-1

  3. Introduction

  4. Module Tutors • Lecturers • Dr. John Cowell – module leader • room G6.62 • email jcowell@dmu.ac.uk CSCI1412-HW-1

  5. Module Outline • Teaching by lectures, tutorials and labs • one hour lecture per week • one hour laboratory session • one hour tutorial • plus lots of private study • You will need the coursebook: Computer systems and networks : Barry Blundell : Thompson Press • Topics (lectures are clearly signposted by topic) • computer hardware and robotics • application software (spreadsheets, dreamweaver, CPU simulator) • overview of operating systems and logic • basic networking • See the Blackboard site CSCI1412-HW-1

  6. Weekly Topics – Term 1 CSCI1412-HW-1

  7. Weekly Topics – Term 2 CSCI1412-HW-1

  8. Course Assessment • Assessment by • 3 Multiple Choice Phase tests 25% each • 1 lab tests 10% each • 1 assignment 40% The best two of the 3 phase test is used to calculate your final mark. • Reassessment by • 2 hour test • See Blackboard for assessment details CSCI1412-HW-1

  9. Resources • Web Sites (linked from BB module home page) • www.pctechguide.com • webopedia.internet.com • www.whatis.com • Books • Computer Systems and Networks : Barry Blundell: Published by Thomson. • You will need this book – the bookshop has copies. CSCI1412-HW-1

  10. Overview of Hardware and Software

  11. Basic Definitions Hardware • plastic, metal and glass components • things you can trip over! • Software • set of instructions and data • processed by the hardware • used to control the hardware • Firmware • A program embedded in a hardware device (somewhere between hardware and software). CSCI1412-HW-1

  12. Centralised Computer Types • There are different types of computers • mainframe / supercomputer • very large & expensive • dedicated staff, rooms • used by large businesses, financial and government • hundreds of users, via (dumb) terminals • mini • similar to mainframes, much smaller in scope • tens of users CSCI1412-HW-1

  13. Distributed/Personal/Embedded Computer Types • micro • PC systems, workstations • single user • distributed systems • networks of workstations • client/server • personal digital assistants • palmtops, address books, calculators • dedicated (embedded) • e.g. washing machines, toasters, cars CSCI1412-HW-1

  14. Software Families • There are four families of software • applications • produce documents, commonly business oriented • e.g. MS Word, Excel, Lotus WordPro, etc. • operating systems • control software for computer systems - provide the interface between user and hardware • e.g. Windows Vista/XP, DOS, UNIX, Linux, VME CSCI1412-HW-1

  15. More Software Families • Four families of software continued ... • utility software • maintenance & problem solving tools - housekeeping • e.g. Symantic Norton Utilities • programming languages • used to develop software, often with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) • e.g. C, Pascal, C++, C#, Java, Visual Basic, COBOL, FORTRAN, Modula, Forth, LISP, etc. CSCI1412-HW-1

  16. Basic Architecture

  17. Basic Computer Architecture • Computer systems comprise • central processing unit - the CPU • the ‘brain’ or ‘heart’ of a computer • peripheral devices • the devices that supply information to the CPU, and give the results to the outside world • analogous to human senses, and memory aids such as books, etc. CSCI1412-HW-1

  18. System Diagram CPU Input Devices Output Devices Communication Devices Backing Storage represents flow of data/instructions CSCI1412-HW-1

  19. CPU Components • CPU Components • CU: Control Unit • interprets stored instructions in sequence • issues commands to all elements of the computer system • ALU: Arithmetic & Logic Unit • performs arithmetic and logic instructions • Traditionally the CPU also included • RAM: Random Access Memory • holds data, instructions and results of processing • temporary (volatile) • Often, CPU is used to mean just the CU and ALU • the ‘processor’ or ‘microprocessor’ CSCI1412-HW-1

  20. (micro-) processor CPU Diagram CPU control unit arithmetic & logic unit Input Devices RAM Output Devices Communication Devices Backing Storage notice that all information enters and leaves the CPU via the RAM CSCI1412-HW-1

  21. Peripheral Devices • Peripheral devices are • input • data and instructions • output • information - the results of processing • backing storage • supplements main storage (RAM) - permanent • communications • links to other systems, e.g. networks CSCI1412-HW-1

  22. Peripheral Diagram CPU control unit arithmetic & logic unit Input Devices keyboard mouse scanner microphone barcode reader MICR reader OCR reader OMR reader magnetic strip game console Output Devices monitor (VDU) printer speaker RAM Communication Devices modem network interface card (NIC) Infra-Red Wireless Backing Storage disk drives: floppy hard DVD CD tape drives: digital audio (DAT) CSCI1412-HW-1

  23. System Control Signals CPU control unit arithmetic & logic unit Input Devices keyboard mouse scanner microphone barcode reader MICR reader OCR reader OMR reader magnetic strip game console Output Devices monitor (VDU) printer speaker RAM Communication Devices modem network interface card (NIC) Infra-Red Wireless Backing Storage disk drives: floppy hard DVD CD tape drives: digital audio (DAT) CSCI1412-HW-1

  24. Summary • Personal introduction • Module outline • topics • assessment • resources • the module web site • Introduction to hardware • types of computers • definitions of hardware and software • basic computer components CSCI1412-HW-1

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