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RNA & Intro to Protein Synthesis

RNA & Intro to Protein Synthesis. NOTES #12. RNA vs DNA. RNA Single Stranded Contains sugar called Ribose 3. Contains A, U, C, G 4. Copy of DNA. DNA Double stranded Contains sugar called Deoxyribose Contains A, T, C, G Genetic Information.

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RNA & Intro to Protein Synthesis

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  1. RNA & Intro to Protein Synthesis NOTES #12

  2. RNA vs DNA RNA Single Stranded Contains sugar called Ribose 3. Contains A, U, C, G 4. Copy of DNA DNA Double stranded Contains sugar called Deoxyribose Contains A, T, C, G Genetic Information Review: In DNA “A” pairs with “T” and “C” to “G” In RNA “A” pairs with “U” and “C” to “G”

  3. What does RNA do? • Copies DNA into a genetic message. • Decodes genetic message to make proteins

  4. Types of RNA • (3 types) • Messenger RNA (mRNA): copies DNA’s message and carries it to the ribosomes to be decoded. Codon: Codes in the mRNA that is read 3 bases at a time. ex. / / / How many codons are found in this mRNA? ANS: 4 codons

  5. 2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): makes up ribosomes and location where proteins are made. ex.

  6. 3. Transfer RNA (tRNA): reads the codons on mRNA and transfers amino acids to build a protein anticodon: 3 letter “code” that matches to the mRNA codon. ex. <---anticodon A U G

  7. Protein Synthesis: Process of making proteins (2 stages) • Transcription: DNA message is “copied” or transcribed into mRNA • Translation: Message in mRNA is translated to make an amino acid chain (aka. A protein)

  8. How do we decode the message in DNA to make proteins? Practice Question • For the segment of a strand of DNA whose nucleotide sequence is shown below, write the appropriate nucleotide sequence in the mRNA (Process of Transcription) In RNA “A” pairs with “U” and “C” to “G” DNA: T A C/ C G A/ G G G/ C T T/ A A A / A T G/ A T T mRNA: A U G/ G C U/ C C C/ G A A/ U U U/ U A C/ U A A

  9. mRNA: AUG/GCU/CCC/GAA/UUU/UAC/UAA 2. Use the Genetic to determine the amino acid sequence Amino Acid sequence Phe Tyr STOP Met Ala Pro Glu - - - - - - Leu CUA =______

  10. 1. mRNA codons for Threonine (Thr: ) 3a. CGA - GAA - GUC

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