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Understanding Animal Adaptations and Natural Selection Through Evolution

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This article explores the fascinating concepts of animal adaptations and natural selection, tracing the origins of these ideas to British scientist Alfred Russel Wallace and his contemporary, Charles Darwin. It explains how animals change over time, the importance of "survival of the fittest," and the role of variations in traits among species. Using the example of giraffes and Darwin's observations of finches in the Galapagos Islands, we delve into how these changes enable species to survive and thrive in competitive environments.

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Understanding Animal Adaptations and Natural Selection Through Evolution

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Animal Adaptations The Big Question

  2. This past Sunday… • I went to an animal hospital because my bunny was sick. 

  3. Alfred Russel Wallace -British explorer and scientist

  4. His Question (1858) • Question: How do animals change??? • Answer: On the whole, the best fitted live and pass down their genes.

  5. Survival of the Fittest • Survive: • To go on living, to not die

  6. Survival of the Fittest • Fit:

  7. Survival of the Fittest • Fit: • In good health, in good shape

  8. Survival of the Fittest • The best fitted will live. • The healthiest animals survive from disease. • The fastest animals survive from being eaten.

  9. OK… So, how do animals change? • Long, long time ago, giraffes had shorter necks. • There was too much competition for food. • Some giraffes had a bit longer necks. • They could find food better!

  10. Animals Change Over Time • Long, long ago…

  11. Animals Change Over Time • Long ago…

  12. Animals Change Over Time • A bit long ago…

  13. Animals Change Over Time • Nowadays…

  14. Variations • Variations: differences in animals • Example: Some giraffes had little bit shorter necks, and some giraffes had little bit longer necks.

  15. Passing Down Traits • Animals pass down their traits to their offspring. • Pass down • Traits • Offspring   Child (offspring) Child (offspring) parent parent

  16. Natural Selection • Nature: the world of living things and outdoors • Select: to choose • So… What is natural selection? • Similar to the idea of “survival of the fittest” • Nature chooses who will survive and who will die

  17. You’ve Got Mail! • Wallace sent his ideas to Charles Darwin • Charles Darwin: a respected scientist in England

  18. Charles Darwin • He was shocked to see Wallace’s finding! • It was too similar to what he has been working on! • Charles Darwin: the father of evolution • Evolution: • a theory which states that animals evolve (change) over time

  19. His Work on Galapagos Islands • Galapagos Islands

  20. Galapagos Finches • Finch: a type of bird • Darwin saw many variations. • He came up with the theory of natural selection by studying these finches.

  21. Clever Compromise • Wallace’s and Darwin’s works were published together. 

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