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Era of Good Feelings: Madison's Presidency, Monroe's Foreign Relations, and Domestic Affairs under Monroe

Explore the key events and developments during the Era of Good Feelings (1815-1824), including Madison's presidency, Monroe's foreign relations, and domestic affairs under Monroe. Learn about the American System, the Second Bank of the U.S., protective tariffs, and the development of roads and canals. Discover important treaties, such as the Rush-Bagot Treaty, Treaty of 1818, and Adams-Onis Treaty. Delve into domestic affairs like the Panic of 1819, the issue of slavery, and the western settlement. Finally, learn about the Election of 1824 and the end of the Era of Good Feelings.

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Era of Good Feelings: Madison's Presidency, Monroe's Foreign Relations, and Domestic Affairs under Monroe

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  1. Era of Good Feelings 1815-1824

  2. A. The Remainder of Madison's Presidency

  3. The American System • Proposed by Henry Clay • Program of national economic development • Supported by Madison & the D-Rs • Three Components: • Bank of the United States • Protective Tariffs • Development of roads and canals

  4. Second Bank of the U.S. 1816 (BUS) • D-Rs had allowed the 1st Bank of the U.S. to expire in 1811 • 1816: reversed their opinion • State & local banks had begun printing their own money leading to depreciation • Passed and given a 20 year charter • Not supported by the Federalists

  5. Tariff of 1816 • 1st protective tariff in U.S. history • 1815: England & U.S. were trading again • British goods threatened U.S. manufacturers • Congress (w/Madison’s approval) passes a tariff to protect the production of American goods • 20-25% tax on some imported goods • Not supported by the Federalists

  6. Development of roads and canals • Madison supported NATIONAL development • Government would only support INTERstate roads and canals • INTRAstate roads and canals had to be funded by the states • Madison would veto any legislation for intrastate transportation

  7. B. Monroe as President

  8. The Election of 1816

  9. The Basics • Two term President • 1817-1825 • Country united under 1 political party

  10. Death of the Federalists • Lost popular support because of the War of 1812 and the Hartford Convention • Last election they participated in was 1816

  11. The Election of 1820

  12. C. Foreign Relations under Monroe

  13. John Quincy Adams • J.Q. Adams was the Secretary of State under Monroe • ALL foreign relations accomplishments were due to him

  14. Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817) • Treaty signed between Britain & the U.S. • Demilitarized the Great Lake region • BRITAIN FINALLY LEAVING!! • Final end to the hostilities between the 2 nations

  15. Treaty of 1818 • Between Britain & the U.S. • Established a border between British Canada & U.S. at the 49th parallel • Britain & U.S. agree to share Oregon

  16. Adams–Onis Treaty (1819) • 1817: Andrew Jackson attacks Spanish forts in Florida • Convinces the Spanish the can not defend it any longer • 1819 Treaty: the U.S. will buy Florida from Spain and agree to a southern border

  17. The United States: 1824

  18. Spain’s colonies in the W. Hemisphere declaring their independence U.S. only country to recognize them Holy Alliance offers to help Spain re-colonize What to do? England offers to make a joint statement Adams says NO December 2, 1823 Monroe presents the Doctrine to Congress European powers no longer able to colonize or interfere in the Western Hemisphere Britain enforced Monroe Doctrine (1823)

  19. D. Domestic Affairs under Monroe

  20. Panic of 1819 • 1st major financial crisis of the U.S. • Causes: • End of European Wars • Land Speculation • Blamed on the BUS • Began a confrontation between the North and South regarding tariffs that would continue until the Civil War

  21. The “Peculiar Institution” called Slavery • Northern states had all abolished slavery by 1819 • Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 • Cotton became “King” as the southern cash crop • VERY labor intensive • Slavery became entrenched in the Southern way of life

  22. Western Settlement • Explosive westward movement between 1800 & 1820 • ¼ of the population moved west 1810 1820

  23. Western Settlement • Reasons: • Cheap Land • Land Exhaustion • Economic Stress • Crushing of the Indians • New States: AL (1819), IL (1818), IN (1816), KY (1792), LA (1812), MS (1817), OH (1803), and TN (1796) • States entered alternately as slave or non-slave to maintain a balance • Divided at the Mason Dixon Line

  24. Missouri Compromise (1820) • 1820 Missouri applied for statehood • Problem? • Wanted to be a slave state • Would upset the sectional balance of 11-11 • North did not want South to have advantage in the Senate • South did not want North to have both the HOR & Senate

  25. Missouri Compromise (1820) • Tallmadge Amendment proposed: • Proposed a gradual end to slavery • North agreed – passed in the HOR • South disagreed – failed in the Senate • Henry Clay proposed a Compromise • MO admitted as slave • ME admitted as free • No Slavery above the 36°30’ line • Both sides agreed

  26. E. End of the Era of Good Feelings

  27. The Candidates John Quincy Adams[MA] Henry Clay[KY] William H. Crawford[GA] Andrew Jackson[TN] All are from the SAME political party: Democratic-Republicans

  28. The Election of 1824

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