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Hydrologic Cycle

Hydrologic Cycle. and permeability. Sand porosity. Fig. 19.06. Shallow aquifer. W. W. Norton. Confining bed/ aquitard. Deeper aquifer. Fig. 19.07 a. Unsaturated zone. HUMID CLIMATE. Fig. 19.11. W. W. Norton. Important to identify recharge areas!!!! Do not pollute them!.

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Hydrologic Cycle

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  1. Hydrologic Cycle

  2. and permeability Sand porosity

  3. Fig. 19.06 Shallow aquifer W. W. Norton Confining bed/ aquitard Deeper aquifer

  4. Fig. 19.07 a Unsaturated zone

  5. HUMID CLIMATE Fig. 19.11 W. W. Norton Important to identify recharge areas!!!! Do not pollute them!

  6. Gaining Stream

  7. Losing stream ARID CLIMATE

  8. Fig. 19.13 W. W. Norton

  9. Determine which way Groundwater flows Determine location of Recharge/discharge areas

  10. Cone of depression

  11. Fig. 19.15 a W. W. Norton

  12. Fig. 19.15 b W. W. Norton

  13. Fig. 19.15 c W. W. Norton

  14. Fig. 19.22 a, b W. W. Norton

  15. South Florida before pumping South Florida after pumping

  16. AQUIFER TYPES Fig. 19.06 W. W. Norton Confining bed

  17. Confined/artesian aquifer Note: aquiclude = confining bed!

  18. The potentiometric surface is a pressure surface It’s the level to which water will rise in your well! Fig. 19.16 c W. W. Norton

  19. Flooding due to subsidence in Indonesia

  20. Fig. 19.09 W. W. Norton

  21. Unit Conversions Common units used to measure water are: • cfs (cubic feet per second) • gallons • acre-foot • inches (in precip gage) Need to be able to convert between them

  22. Acre-foot 1 acre-foot = 43,560 ft2/acre x 1 foot = 43,560 ft3 How many gallons is this???

  23. Cubic feet  gallons • 7.48 gallons = 1 ft3 • 43,560 ft3 x 7.48 gal/1 ft3 = 325,829 gal

  24. 12 inches x 12 inches = 144 in2 Length-Area-VolumeL vs. L2 vs. L3 12 inches 1 ft2 =1 ft2 12 inches

  25. Length-Area-VolumeL vs. L2 vs. L3 12 inches 1 ft3 12 in x 12 in x 12 in = 1728 in3 = 1 ft3 12 inches 12 inches

  26. CRATER LAKE Surface area = 579,348,000 ft2 Avg. ann. Precip = 68 in. What volume of precip. is added to the lake in acre-feet each year? • Need to convert units to make • them consistent. It’s easiest to convert • Feet to acre-feet, so let’s convert inches to • Feet! • 68 in x 1 foot /12 inches = 68/12 feet = 5.67 ft • 2) Calculate volume of precip. in ft3 by • multiplying Surface area of lake x depth • of precip. • 579,348,000 ft2 x 5.67 ft = 3,284,903,160 ft3 • 3) Convert ft3 to acre-ft • 3,284,903,160 ft3 x 1 ac-ft/43,560 ft3 = • 75,411 acre-ft/year from ppt.

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