1 / 50

Chapter 8 : Therapy and Rehabilitation

Chapter 8 : Therapy and Rehabilitation. Physical Therapists. History of the Profession Began during WWI w. rehabilitation of wounded soldiers 1917: Army training program for reconstruction aides 1921: reconstruction aides form association (APTA)

carolyni
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 8 : Therapy and Rehabilitation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 8: Therapy and Rehabilitation

  2. Physical Therapists • History of the Profession • Began during WWI w. rehabilitation of wounded soldiers • 1917: Army training program for reconstruction aides • 1921: reconstruction aides form association (APTA) • 1940s & 1950s: demand for therapists due to WWII & polio • 1950s: state licensing increased • 1954: APTA developed competency exam • 1960s: therapists began treating other conditions • 1968: PT services authorized for Medicare program

  3. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Education • Master’s degree programs • Minimum requirement • 19 accredited programs • Take 2 to 2 ½ years • Doctoral degree programs • Are becoming the entry-level requirement • 203 accredited programs • Take 3 years • More content & longer clinical rotations than master’s

  4. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Course Work • Anatomy • Cellular biology • Physiology • Exercise physiology • Neuroscience • Pharmacology • Applied psychology • Applied sociology • Communication • Clinical reasoning • Applied statistics

  5. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Licensure • Required in all states • Requires: • Graduation from accredited program • Passing exam • Other state requirements • Specialist Certification • Offered by American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties • For licensed PTs in practice for at least 10 years • Available for 7 specialties • Requires 2,000 hours of direct patient care in area

  6. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Work Responsibilities • Do a systems review • Take patients’ medical history • Conduct motor function tests • Develop treatment plans • Perform gait & locomotion training • Assess patients’ progress • Educate patients about expected outcomes • Coordinate with home care agencies

  7. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Personal Characteristics • Care • Compassion • Positive attitude • Ability to work well with others • Good observation skills • Good problem-solving skills

  8. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Employment Opportunities and Trends • 30% growth from 2008 to 2018 • Growth due to: • Easing of service restrictions by insurers • Rising population of older adults • Increased survival of trauma victims & infants w. birth defects • Increase in treatment of previously untreatable conditions • Influence of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act • About 35% of jobs in practitioners’ offices • About 30% of jobs in hospitals

  9. Physical Therapists (cont’d) • Professional Organization: APTA • 72,000 members • Goal: help advance PT practice, research, & education • Monitors legislation & advocates for profession • Conducts research on profession • Certifies specialists • Credentials residency & fellowship programs • Offers many member benefits

  10. Physical Therapist Assistants • History of the Profession • Developed after WWII w. greater need for PT treatments • 1950s: first assistants appeared, informally trained • 1967: first two PTA education programs approved • CAPTE set program accreditation standards • APTA developed guidelines for tasks • 1970s to 1990s: PTA training programs grew rapidly

  11. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Education • Associate’s degree programs (most) • 252 accredited programs • 2 years long • Includes general education & technical education classes • Includes 520 to 720 hours of clinical experience

  12. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Course Work: General & Technical • Basic sciences • Applied physical therapy science • Physical therapy interventions • Communication • Behavior & conduct • Data collection

  13. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Licensure, Registration, or Certification • Required in most states • Requires • Associate’s degree from accredited PTA program • Passing NPTE exam • Passing state exam (in some states) • Continuing education for license renewal • PTA Recognition Program provides distinction for PTAs with advanced proficiency

  14. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Work Responsibilities • Measure height, weight, length, & girth • Use hip & knee flexion techniques • Use static stretching techniques • Conduct gait training • Collect patient data • Massage tissues to ease swelling • Teach a patient to use a walker • Update progress notes after a session

  15. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Personal Characteristics • Empathy • Good people skills • Good communication skills • Good organizational skills • Attention to detail • Good teamwork skills

  16. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Employment Opportunities and Trends • Rapid growth: 33% between 2008 & 2018 • Setting distribution • 72% in hospitals or offices of health practitioners • Remainder in: • Nursing care • Home health care • Outpatient care

  17. Physical Therapist Assistants (cont’d) • Professional Organization: APTA • American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) • Represents both PTs & PTAs • Has organization just for PTAs, National Assembly • Offers: • Continuing education • Special interest groups • Awards • Online career center

  18. Occupational Therapists • History of the Profession • Moral treatment: 18th & 19th century approach to mental illness • Provided patients w. activities, exercise, & pleasant surroundings • Late 19th & early 20th centuries: OT expanded to disabilities • 1917: Barton forms professional association (AOTA) • WWI: reconstruction aids provided OT for soldiers • 1935: AMA joined AOTA in accrediting OT programs • WWII: rapid growth, shift in focus to physical rehabilitation • 1960s: call for return to occupation-centered roots • 2002: AOTA adopted new practice framework

  19. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Education • Master’s degree at minimum • 151 accredited master’s degree programs • 4 accredited doctoral programs • Undergraduate degree can be from variety of majors • Programs include: • Core & professional courses • 24 weeks of supervised fieldwork • Doctoral programs offer additional instruction in many subjects

  20. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Course Work • General intro to OT • Skills in screening, evaluating, & referring clients • Development of an intervention plan • Interventions • Accommodation to different work settings • Management of OT services • Research • Professional ethics, values, & responsibilities

  21. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Licensure and Certification • Licensure • Required in all states • Requires graduation from accredited program & passing exam • Certification • AOTA offers board certification in various areas • Requirements: • Professional degree • Set # of years in practice • Set # of hours of OT practice

  22. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Work Responsibilities • Screen for learning disabilities • Perform muscle testing • Test visual acuity • Evaluate home environment • Develop intervention plans • Select assistive technology • Teach patients to dress • Instruct in reading strategies • Modify classroom equipment

  23. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Professional Characteristics • Good interpersonal skills • Empathy • Patience • Good observation skills • Creativity • Strong organizational skills • Attention to detail • Good communication skills

  24. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Employment Opportunities and Trends • Growth of 26% between 2008 & 2018 • Increased opportunities due to: • Needs of increasing older population • Medical advances allowing patients w. conditions to survive • Setting distribution • 29% in offices of health practitioners • 28% in hospitals • 13% in educational services • 10% in nursing residential care

  25. Occupational Therapists (cont’d) • Professional Organization: AOTA • 36,000 members • Goals • Represent interests of members • Improve quality of OT services • Monitors legislation & regulations affecting profession • Advocates for profession • Offers board & specialty certifications • Provides many benefits to members

  26. Occupational Therapy Assistants • History of the Profession • 1950s: shortage of OTs after WWII • 1958: AOTA began approving ed. programs for assistants • Early programs were 3 months long & in hospitals • Later moved to community colleges & technical schools, longer time • Moved from hospitals to other practice settings

  27. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Education • 2-year associate’s degree is standard • 145 accredited programs • Includes: • Course work • At least 16 hours of supervised fieldwork

  28. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Course Work • General intro. to OT • Skills in screening & evaluation • Assistance in development of intervention plan • OT skills • Accommodation to different work settings • Assistance in management of OT services • Use of professional literature • Professional ethics, values, & responsibilities

  29. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Licensure, Registration, or Certification • Required in 40 states • Optional certification via NBCOT exam: COTA • Taking exam requires graduation from accredited program • Renewal required every 3 years • Specialty certifications available from AOTA

  30. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Work Responsibilities • Screen for visual perception • Test touch awareness • Evaluate client data • Select therapy activities to fit client’s needs • Develop energy-saving strategies for a client with MS • Write progress notes

  31. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Personal Characteristics • Good people skills • Empathy • Patience • Responsibility • Willingness to take direction • Good teamwork skills

  32. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Employment Opportunities and Trends • Growth: 30% between 2008 & 2018 • Factors prompting growth • Cost-control measure • Growing school-age population • Federal laws requiring funding for ed. for those w. disabilities • Setting distribution • ¾ in hospitals, practitioner offices, & nursing care facilities • Remainder in community care & home health care

  33. Occupational Therapy Assistants (cont’d) • Professional Organization: AOTA • Represents OTs & OTAs • Offers: • Specialty certifications • Continuing education • Online resources

  34. Respiratory Therapists • History of the Profession • Tech developments in 20th century led to oxygen therapy • Nurses initially administered oxygen therapy • Post-WWII • Equipment became more complex • Oxygen orderlies took over • 1946: professional organization of oxygen orderlies established • 1962: school guidelines approved by AMA • 2009: most recent revision of school guidelines

  35. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Education • Associate’s degree at minimum • Bachelor’s or master’s degree may help advancement • Programs: • Offered at: • Colleges & universities • Medical schools • Vocational-technical institutes & military • 378 advanced-level & 27 entry-level accredited programs

  36. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Course Work • Communication • Social & behavioral sciences • Math • Computer science • Cardiopulmonary A&P • Chemistry • Microbiology • Pharmacology • Assessment of cardiopulmonary status • Airway management • Lung inflation therapy • Alternate site care

  37. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Licensure • Required in all states except Alaska & Hawaii • Must be renewed every 3 years, requiring continuing ed.

  38. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Credentials Awarded by NBRC • Certified Registered Therapist (CRT) • Registered Respiratory Therapist (RRT) • Neonatal/Pediatric Specialist (CRT-NPS or RRT-NPS) • Sleep Disorders Testing and Therapeutic Intervention Respiratory Care Specialist (CRT-SDS or RRT-SDS)

  39. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Work Responsibilities • Do pulmonary function tests • Set up mechanical ventilators • Monitor arterial blood gases • Insert airway tubes • Obtain & analyze oxygenation level of arterial blood • Administer aerosol medications • Perform chest physiotherapy • Check lung sounds

  40. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Personal Characteristics • Calm, reassuring manner • Sensitivity to patients’ needs • Good communication skills • Good teamwork skills • Flexibility • Willingness to learn

  41. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Employment Opportunities and Trends • Growth: 21% between 2008 & 2018 • Factors prompting growth • Increasing # of middle-aged & older adults • Enhancements in respiratory medications & treatments • Movement of respiratory therapists into case management • Setting distribution • 81% in hospitals • Remainder in physicians’ offices & other locations

  42. Respiratory Therapists (cont’d) • Professional Organization: AARC • Founded in 1947 • Dedicated to professional development & lung health • Advocates for profession on legislative & regulatory issues • Accredits continuing education programs • Offers many member benefits

  43. Massage Therapists • History of the Profession • Practiced in ancient China, India, Egypt, & other societies • Performed on athletes competing in ancient Greek Olympics • Per Henrik Ling: developed Swedish massage • Mid-1800s: Taylor promoted Swedish massage in U.S. • Early 20th century: massage declined in U.S. • 1927: first professional massage organization in U.S. • 1960s & 1970s: resurgence of massage in U.S.

  44. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Education • Most complete formal training program • Programs: • Combination of course work & hands-on practice • May focus on particular modalities • Approved by state board & sometimes accredited • Take 500 hours or more to complete • Require HS diploma or equivalent

  45. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Course Work • Anatomy • Physiology • Kinesiology • Pathology • Massage theory & application • Business • Ethics • Various modalities

  46. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Licensure or Certification • Required by almost all states • Requires: • Completion of state-approved program • Passing an exam • Two certification exams administered by NCBTMB • Certification renewal requires: • 48 hours of continuing education • 200 hours of work experience

  47. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Work Responsibilities • Schedule client sessions • Do client assessments • Prepare initial treatment plans • Position clients’ body • Apply appropriate massage strokes • Use various modalities • Use proper body mechanics • Maintain client records

  48. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Personal Characteristics • Sociability • Empathy • Good communication skills

  49. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Employment Opportunities and Trends • Growth: 19% between 2008 & 2018 • Factors prompting growth • Increased awareness of the benefits of massage • Formation of more spas & massage clinic franchises • Companies adopting seated massage as a work benefit • Increased demands for massage among older & young adults • 57% are self-employed • Settings: salons, spas, physicians’ & chiropractors’ offices, fitness centers, hotels

  50. Massage Therapists (cont’d) • Professional Organizations • American Massage Therapy Association (AMTA) • Founded in 1943 • >58,000 members • Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals (ABMP) • Founded in 1987 • >70,000 members

More Related