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Explore the evolution of eScience through advancements in interoperability and the success of science clouds. Key developments such as basic supercomputer architecture are extended towards exascale computing. The Grand Challenge activities between 1990-2000 fostered consensus on essential Open Grid Forum (OGF) standards like JSDL, BES, SAGA, and GridFTP. The shift towards Software as a Service (SaaS) emphasizes the growing importance of using services, workflows, and portals in scientific research, despite details on usage remaining to be fully agreed upon.
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