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EZA Opening seminar – The main focuses of the European Social Dialogue Milan, November 22 – 23 Strategy “Europe 2020” and the EU employment package: workers’ organisations are taking part in creating more and good work. Barbara Gerstenberger Coordinator in the Directorate Eurofound.
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EZA Opening seminar – The main focuses of the European Social DialogueMilan, November 22 – 23Strategy “Europe 2020” and the EU employment package: workers’ organisations are taking part in creating more and good work Barbara Gerstenberger Coordinator in the Directorate Eurofound
In this presentation • Europe 2020: What does it say about more and better jobs? • The track record: figures on recent job creation and job loss from the European Jobs Monitor • Job quality in Europe: results from the European Working Conditions Survey • Green jobs: responses and initiatives by Member States and the social partners
European employment strategy and quality of work Streamline the policy concept of quality of work; devise a set of indicators to monitor progress
5 million jobs lost in the EU Jobs lost in the EU 2008q2 – 2010q2 by wage quintile Source: European Jobs Monitor
Before and after . . . Source: European Jobs Monitor
“Shrinking middle” Employment shifts by wage quintile during the recession 2008 - 2010 Source: European Jobs Monitor
“Shrinking middle” Employment shifts by wage quintile during the recession 2008 - 2010 Source: European Jobs Monitor
“Shrinking middle” Employment shifts by wage quintile during the recession 2008 - 2010 Source: European Jobs Monitor
Manufacturing:decline in the EU Source: European Jobs Monitor
Manufacturing:a German exception Source: European Jobs Monitor
Employment shifts by job-wage and job-education/skill quintile, EU27, Q2 2008 to Q2 2010 (thousands)
Job loss and gain 2011 (q2) – 2012 (q2) 2011 q2 – 2012 q2 2008 q2 – 2010 q2
Eurofound’s approach to measuring quality of work • Composite indicators based on the European Working Conditions Survey • Approach: • We consider: work itself (the activity) and the nature of the physical location of the employment • But not: the nature of the labour market and beyond • We want to describe: • Characteristics of the job (facts) • Guiding question: to what extend does the job fulfil workers’ needs from work • But not: subjective elements (expectations, feelings, preferences) • Aim: Obtain a measure of job quality independent of workers’ personal circumstances and the external labour market
Change in Skills andDiscretion(T) bycountry in the EU 15, 1995 – 2010
Change in Work Intensity (T) bycountry in theEU 151995 – 2010
Conclusion from the 5th EWCS • One fifth ‚low quality‘ jobs are too much • Physical environment has hardly improved – in spite of effirts • Increasing work intensity leads to risk of high stress levels – impact on ‘sustainability’ • Increase in index for skills and discretion in some countries is positive • Working Time Quality has improved in all countries – but flexibility of working time for workers must be monitored
More and better green jobs? • Net job creation effect of greening of industries is likely to be neutral • Data from the European Restructuring Monitor shows ‘green’ sector facing turbulences • Impact of ‘greening’ on quality of jobs mainly through skills and training dimension • ‘Greening’ as such is not a topic of major importance for social partners • Little or no social dialogue in newly emerging industries
Level of engagement and mobilisation by national governments and social partners
For more information, please visit: www.eurofound.europa.eu