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SWRI-OSHA Alliance

SWRI-OSHA Alliance. Signed February 20, 2003. Overall Goal. Provide members with info and guidance, especially on: Reducing and preventing exposure to: Lead Silica Confined space hazards Falls Staging requirements. Outreach & Communication .

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SWRI-OSHA Alliance

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  1. SWRI-OSHA Alliance Signed February 20, 2003

  2. Overall Goal Provide members with info and guidance, especially on: • Reducing and preventing exposure to: • Lead • Silica • Confined space hazards • Falls • Staging requirements

  3. Outreach & Communication • Reach out on those topics through conferences as well as print and electronic media • Promote and encourage members to utilize OSHA’s cooperative programs—VPP, Partnerships, Consultation—and also endorse mentoring among SWRI members

  4. Promoting National Dialogue on Workplace Safety and Health In speeches and public appearances, SWRI and some of its members will raise others awareness of and demonstrate their own commitment to workplace safety and health

  5. Accomplishments to date • Links between OSHA’s Web page on the SWRI Alliance to SWRI’s Web site • Five articles in Member Briefs • This presentation on confined space entry • Programs in development for 2004 Annual Meeting in Tucson

  6. CONFINED SPACE“THE SILENT KILLER” Presented by Domenick Salvatore OSHA Compliance Assistance Specialist

  7. Confined Space Entry Construction Industry Standard 1926.21(b)(6) General Industry Standard 1910.146 Best Practices for all Industries

  8. Typical Confined Spaces • Boiler, Degreaser, Furnace • Pipeline, Pit, Pumping Station • Reaction or Process Vessel, Mills • Septic Tank, Sewage Digestor • Silo, Storage Tank, Barges • Sewer, Utility Vault, Manhole • Trenches, Shafts, Caissons

  9. Criteria of a Confined Space • 1) Large enough to bodily enter and work • 2) Limited entry and exit • 3) Not designed for continuous human occupancy Roco Rescue

  10. How many people die or get hurt seriously in confined space accidents? Prior to the OSHA Confined Space Standard: 63 Fatalities 5,931 Lost workday cases 6,951 Non-lost workday cases Roco Rescue

  11. How many people die or get hurt seriously in confined space accidents? (Cont.) The numbers of deaths and injuries if the OSHA standard is followed: 9 Fatalities 890 Lost workday cases 1,043 Non-lost workday cases Roco Rescue

  12. How many people die or get hurt seriously in confined space accidents? (Cont.) The numbers prevented by following the OSHA standard: 54 Fatalities 5,041 Lost workday cases 5,908 Non-lost workday cases Roco Rescue

  13. Permit Required Con. Space • 1) Hazardous Atmosphere -Exists or has the potential to exist • 2) Engulfment Hazard -Water, sludge, grain, etc....… • (3) Entrapment Hazard -Hoppers, converging pipe, etc....... • 4) Any other Health or Safety Hazard -Fall, heat, trip, varmints, etc........

  14. Categorizing Work Space * Space large enough to enter &; * Limited or Restricted entry or exit &; * Not designed for continuous worker occupancy. NO Not a confined Space YES Confined Space Permit- Required Confined Space Non Permit Required Space Hazardous Atmosphere Or Engulfment Hazard YES NO Or Configuration Hazard Or Any other recognized serious hazard

  15. Hazards of Confined Spaces • Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres • Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres • Flammable Atmospheres • Toxic Atmospheres • Temperature Extremes • Engulfment Hazards • Noise, Slick/Wet Surfaces, Falling Objects

  16. Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres 19.5 % Minimum acceptable oxygen level. 15 - 19% Decreased ability to work strenuously. Impair coordination. Early symptoms. 12-14% Respiration increases. Poor judgment. 10-12% Respiration increases. Lips blue. 8-10% Mental failure. Fainting. Nausea Unconsciousness. Vomiting. 6-8% 8 minutes - fatal, 6 minutes - 50% fatal 4-5 minutes - possible recovery. 4-6% Coma in 40 seconds. Death

  17. Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres • Oxygen level above 21%. • Causes flammable and combustible materials to burn violently when ignited. • Hair, clothing, materials, etc. • Oil soaked clothing and materials. • Never use pure oxygen to ventilate. • Never store or place compressed tanks in a confined space.

  18. Flammable Atmospheres • 2 Critical Factors: • Oxygen content in the air. • Presence of a flammable gas, or vapor • Presence of dust (visibility of 5’ or less) • Proper air/gas mixture can lead to explosion • Typical Ignition Sources: • Sparking or electric tool. • Welding / cutting operations. • Smoking

  19. Toxic Atmospheres • Product stored in a confined space: • Gases released when cleaning. • Materials absorbed into walls of confined space. • Decomposition of materials in the confined space. • Work performed in a confined space: • Welding, cutting, brazing, soldering. • Painting, scraping, sanding, degreasing. • Sealing, bonding, melting. • Areas adjacent to a confined space.

  20. Carbon Monoxide • Odorless, Colorless Gas. • Combustion By-Product. • Quickly collapse at high concentrations. • PPMEffectTime • 50 Permissible Exposure Level 8 Hours • 200 Slight headache, discomfort 3 Hours • 600 Headache, discomfort 1 Hour • 1000-2000 Confusion, nausea, headache 2 Hours • 1000-2000 Tendency to stagger 1 1/2 Hours • 1000-2000 Slight heart palpitation 30 Min. • 2000-2500 Unconsciousness 30 Min.

  21. What emergency rescue options does the site have? • 1. Employers have three options under 29CFR 1910.146(k): • a. Utilize their own employees to enter confined spaces to perform rescue services. • b. Arrange to have an outside service perform confined space rescues. • c. Combination response. Roco Rescue

  22. What emergency rescue options does the site have? • 1. Employers have three options under 29CFR 1910.146(k): • a. Utilize their own employees to enter confined spaces to perform rescue services. • b. Arrange to have an outside service perform confined space rescues. • c. Combination response. Roco Rescue

  23. Rescue Available Appropriate (and Approximate!) Goals: Respond To CS Scene / 10 Minutes Reach The Victim(s) / 5-10 Minutes Later Case law update….10 minute response held to be not timely in a Nov. 1997 case! Roco Rescue

  24. Evaluation Milestones • Rescue Stand-by establishes a GOAL of reaching the victim in 2-4 minutes. • Rescue Available establishes a GOAL of responding to the scene within 10 minutes and reaching the victim within 15 minutes. • Goals are to be strived for - not required…. they should serve as comparative milestones for judging team competency. Roco Rescue

  25. Timely Response, Training,and Equipment • Rescue • Retrieval • Ventilation & Atmospheric Monitoring • Barriers • Access/Egress (ladders, etc...) • Lighting • Communication Roco Rescue

  26. Standby / Rescue • Worker assigned to remain outside the confined space and be in constant contact with the workers inside. • Know emergency rescue procedures. • 50% of workers who die in confined spaces are would-be rescuers. • Trained in use of emergency rescue equipment and PPE.

  27. Emergency response options • Because there is a need for quick response, on-site rescue teams are usually preferred. Roco Rescue

  28. Definitions: • Emergency - any occurrence that could endanger entrants • Entry - any part of the body breaks the plane of the opening • Self-rescue - entrant evacuates the space without assistance Roco Rescue

  29. Definitions Continued: • Hazardous atmosphere - any atmosphere that could hinder an entrant’s ability to self-rescue • Rescue service - personnel designated to perform rescue • Retrieval system - equipment used for non-entry rescue Roco Rescue

  30. ACTUAL CASE STUDY • Employer was doing fire restoration work at a food processing facility • Employer sealed off an emergency lighting room to be cleaned for quality control. • High powered airless sprayer (2000psi) used to spray a solution of 92% freon and 8% isopropyl alcohol to clean electrical circuit boxes.

  31. Limited Access

  32. Limited Access

  33. Unsafe access to work space

  34. Normal entry closed

  35. Emergency Lighting Room

  36. Emergency Lighting Room

  37. Emergency Lighting Room

  38. Confined Space Fatality/Catastrophe • 5 employees doing manual hand cleaning of equipment fell unconscious after complaining about feeling ill and being sent back into work area. Some sustained permanent impairment to vital organs. • 1 foreman using high powered airless sprayer never regained consciousness.

  39. Contributing Factors • No evaluation of the work area by a Competent Person • No Confined Space entry program or procedures. • No appropriate PPE, respiratory protection • No engineering controls, forced mechanical ventilation. • No emergency rescue plan.

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