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Roy A. Lacey

Roy A. Lacey. New Prospects for locating the Critical End Point (CEP) in the QCD phase Diagram. The Central Question of the Field. The location of the critical point and the phase boundaries represent two of the most fundamental characteristics of any substance !.

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Roy A. Lacey

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  1. Roy A. Lacey New Prospects for locating the Critical End Point (CEP) in the QCD phase Diagram Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  2. The Central Question of the Field The location of the critical point and the phase boundaries represent two of the most fundamental characteristics of any substance ! Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  3. Theoretical guidance for the CEP Theoretical Guidance ? Any search for the CEPrequires investigations over a broad range of μ & T. Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  4. For the first time (at last) we have access to the full range Of μ and T. (via Energy scans at RHIC, SPS & FAIR) Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  5. Better News ! • The Crossover Transition to the QGP is made clear at RHIC • Space-time measurements • Flow Measurements This is a necessary requirement for locating the CEP • 2) The viscosity to entropy ratio offers a new dynamical probe for the CEP • Contrasts Stationary State variables There are NO Puzzles at RHIC -- just a few jig-saws ! Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  6. New ! Expand R(q) and S(r) in Cartesian Harmonic basis (Danielewicz and Pratt nucl-th/0501003) Source function (Distribution of pair separations) Correlation function Encodes FSI Life Time measurements As a probe for the transition Strong first order phase transition  large Substitute (2) and (3) into (1) 3D Koonin Pratt Eqn. Reliable measurement of the full Source Function (finally) ! Inversion of this integral equation  Source Function Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  7. Correlation Moments The transition is Not a Strong First order Phase Transition? Source Function Comparison to Models Give robust life time estimates  Crossover transition Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  8. Detailed integral and differential Measurements now available for The Matter Flow Probe From ET Distributions Control Params. Expect Large Pressure Gradients  Hydro Flow Substantial elliptic flow signals should be present for a variety of particle species   Constraints for sound speed and viscosity Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  9. nucl-ex/0610029 A Remarkable Scaling of the fine structure of Elliptic Flow is observed at RHIC At midrapidity v2 (pt,M,b,A)/n = F(KET/n)*ε(b,A) This scaling validates the expectations for “near perfect” partonic flow and serve as an important constraint for several transport coefficients Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  10. Buda Lund Hydro Model nucl-th/0310040 ( WHY ? ) P System size independence How to tell if Flow is Hydrodynamic • Fluid hydrodynamics is scale invariant. • Important parameters There are several generic scaling predictions that can be readily tested; v2 should scale with KET Relationship between harmonics is specific All scaling tests can be validated Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  11. We understand this ε Scaling x k ε scaling validated Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  12. v2 = ? e Further Comments on ε Scaling http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/nucl-ex/0610037 Which ε scaling ? Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  13. KET Scaling P Baryons Mesons PHENIX preliminary KET scaling validated Quark Degrees of Freedom Evident Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  14. Flow is Partonic and Universal v2 for the D follows that of other mesons v2 for the φ follows that of other mesons A Phase with Quarks as dynamical degrees of freedom Dominates the flow Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  15. ~Linear  Quadratic nucl-ex/0610029 The partonic fluid is Strongly Interacting STAR 62 GeV data give similar result Non-trivial higher harmonic hydrodynamic scaling validated at partonic level Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  16. v2/ε for <pT> ~ 0.45 GeV/c cs ~ 0.35 ±0.05 (cs2 ~ 0.12), soft EOS F. Karsch, hep-lat/0601013 See nucl-ex/0604011 for details The EOS of the Partonic Fluid is Soft Hydro Calculations (Bhalerao et al.) The EOS is harder than that for the hadron gas but softer than for the hard QGP  no strong first order phase transition Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  17. F. Karsch, hep-lat/0601013 The expected saturation of v2 Is observed Phys.Rev.Lett.94:232302,2005 Saturation of Elliptic flow consistent with a soft EOS associated with Crossover Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  18. Lacey et al. PRL 98:092301 Partonic Fluid Flow Is near Perfect Model Comparison 1-2 X the conjectured lower bound Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  19. Small viscosity results in large suppression An estimate of the scattering power There are no puzzles at RHIC Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  20. High pT trigger Same-Side Jet x10 x20 Setting an upper limit on The viscosity QCD Sonic Boom Gives sound speed directly; Sets upper limit on viscosity. Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  21. High pT trigger Same-Side Jet Assoc. pTs Deflected jet Mach Cone Away-Side Jet Validation test of the use of two event mixing to remove 2+1 processes (2+1) processes efficiently removed via two-event mixing to obtain true three particle correlations Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  22. Simulated Deflected jet Simulated Mach Cone True 3PC jet correlations QCD Sonic Boom? Data Total 3PC jet correlations The data validates the presence of a Mach Cone away-side jet Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  23. Lacey et al. Phys.Rev.Lett.98:092301 hep-lat/0406009 hep-ph/0604138 Curves to guide the eye Nonaka et al. Low Suggest trajectories close to the critical point ? Hints of the CEP? Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  24. Nonaka et al. is a potent signal for the CEP How to get there? First estimate T ~ 175 μ ~ 200-250 MeV Need two energies immediately Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  25. Elliptic Flow at SPS (Pb+Pb at 158 GeV, NA49) v2 of p, π, Λ - C. Alt et al (NA49 collaboration) nucl-ex/0606026 submitted to PRL V2 of K0 (preliminary) - G. Stefanek for NA49 collaboration (nucl-ex/0611003) Scaling ? Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  26. Epilogue • Strong evidence for crossover to the QGP at RHIC. • Short emission lifetimes • Matter quenches Jets and flows as a (nearly) perfect fluid with systematic patterns consistent with quark degrees of freedom. • Matter has a soft EOS and a viscosity to entropy density ratio lower than any other known fluid -- a value close to the conjectured quantum bound Extracted Transport Coefficients Suggest Decay Trajectories close to the Critical End Point (CEP) Energy scans now required to do the trick !! First estimate T ~ 175 μ ~ 200-250 MeV Need two energies immediately Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

  27. End Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook; EDT-HIC, McGill, Montreal, Canada, July 16-19, 2007

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