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Using Sources Effectively

Using sources effectively is crucial for establishing credibility as a writer. By incorporating examples and supporting both arguments and counterarguments, you can present a well-rounded perspective. This guide explores the concept of synthesis, where multiple sources engage in a "conversation" to bolster your argumentative essay. It includes step-by-step strategies for selecting quotes, identifying issues, and creating connections among them. By articulating these relationships clearly, you will enhance the sophistication and depth of your writing, ultimately making a more compelling case.

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Using Sources Effectively

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  1. Using Sources Effectively

  2. Why Use Sources? To show that you (the writer) are knowledgeable about the topic you are writing about (i.e. you want to establish your credibility as a writer).

  3. You Can Use Sources… • To give readers examples. • To support your argument. • To support your counterargument. • To introduce a topic that may or may not be familiar to your readers. • To synthesize a number of ideas expressed in the sources themselves.

  4. What is Synthesis? • For the purposes of this class, think of synthesis as a “conversation” between two or more sources within the context of an argumentative essay. • Well-synthesized sources use verbs of attribution (*see the worksheet on Blackboard) and are connected to the supporting argument or counterargument.

  5. How Do I Synthesize My Sources? • Here are some steps that you can use to synthesize your own sources. Keep in mind that this is only one of many strategies you can use. • Go through the step-by-step example and create an example of synthesis. • At the end of the activity, post a copy of your synthesis example to the class discussion board forum.

  6. Step #1: Choose at least 2 quotes from different sources. • Here are the quotes you should use for this example: • From: Roberts, Donald F. and Ulla G. Foehr. Kids & Media in America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004 (pg. 135) • “In 1999, some 78 percent of kids said they are somewhat or very interested in sending and receiving pictures on-line, and 70 percent wanted to have a live video conference with a friend online (Roper Starch Worldwide Inc., 1999).”

  7. Step #1: Choose at least 2 quotes from different sources, cont. • From: Friess, Steve. “Yo, can u plz help me write English?” USA Today 1 Apr. 2003, late ed.: D8. (pg. D8) • “Instant messenger lends itself to linguistic shortcuts, shoddy grammar and inappropriate or absent punctuation.”

  8. Step #2: List a number of issues that each quote raises. • “In 1999, some 78 percent of kids said they are somewhat or very interested in sending and receiving pictures on-line, and 70 percent wanted to have a live video conference with a friend online (Roper Starch Worldwide Inc., 1999).” • Possible issues: internet predators, kids are more frequent users of online technologies, etc. (List some of the issues that this quote raises for you.) • Remember to repeat this step for BOTH quotes.

  9. Step #3: Find areas of connection among the issues raised.

  10. Step #4: Put your sources in “conversation” with each other. • Remember: • Use verbs of attribution (see the Blackboard worksheet). • Introduce each source. • Explain the connection(s) you see between the sources. • Connect the “conversation” to a larger issue (this could be the CA, SA, or thesis statement). • See the following example with color codes.

  11. Now, try working with the sources you’ve collected for Synthesis Essay #1…

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