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Alkali-Aluminosilicate "Gorilla Glass"

Alkali-Aluminosilicate "Gorilla Glass". By: Bryan Bentley, David Sediqi, Erik Maki, Paul Engelke. Our Presentation covers 3 Topics. The History of Gorilla Glass How Gorilla Glass is Manufactured Today The Future of Gorilla Glass. The History of Gorilla Glass.

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Alkali-Aluminosilicate "Gorilla Glass"

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  1. Alkali-Aluminosilicate "Gorilla Glass" By: Bryan Bentley, David Sediqi, Erik Maki, Paul Engelke

  2. Our Presentation covers 3 Topics The History of Gorilla Glass How Gorilla Glass is Manufactured Today The Future of Gorilla Glass

  3. The History of Gorilla Glass Most of the properties of Gorilla Glass were developed by Corning in 1960. "More than 40 years ago Corning Technologist Bill Decker told Bill Armistead, in classic Corning folklore style, "Glass breaks... Why don't you fix that?" Armistead embarked on "Project Muscle". -Sample of Corning Glass

  4. Project Muscle Project Muscle was initiated in order to design a new ultra strong and lightweight glass material. This glass was called Chemcor and was supposed to be Corning's next big product. The glass was initially intended to be used as windshields for the Ford Mustang and race cars, in spacecrafts, in planes and even as an "unbreakable" line of tableware. -Picture of concept windshield by Chemcor

  5. Project Muscle (2) Armistead succeeded in his goal and Chemcor was capable of withstanding 100,000 psi of pressure. The glass was also capable of being bombarded with frozen chickens at high rates of speed without chipping, cracking or breaking. This is a test used in the aviation industry to determine if an airplane windshield will break when coming into contact with large birds such as geese. -Scratch test of Corning Glass (left) vs. normal glass (right) **Watch only 1:45-2:00

  6. Project Muscle (3) Unfortunately the glass was not as profitable as expected. Corning's British rival, The Pilkington Bros., invented a far cheaper mass production approach. Corning discontinued production of Chemcor

  7. The Beginning of Gorilla Glass As the demand for touch screen cell phones increased, so did the need for a thin, resilient cell phone cover glass that could resist the scratches and impacts of cell phone users. Corning decided to meet this demand and began researching, with the internal project name "Gorilla Glass", in 2005. The researchers looked back at Chemcor and decided to use this glass as a foundation for the design of Gorilla Glass. -Tests conducted on the initial Gorilla Glass created

  8. The Beginning of Gorilla Glass (2) Because most of the research had been completed, Gorilla Glass was in production by 2007!

  9. How Gorilla Glass is Manufactured All the material that Gorilla Glass is comprised of are natural materials

  10. The First Three Steps: Similar to Most Glass Processes Materials: Sand (Silicon Dioxide) Hydrogen or Oxygen Furnace + + Heat = Si -Unrefined Glass

  11. Step 1: Melting the Glass The silicon dioxide is mixed with other chemicals then put into a furnace to be liquified. -Typical furnace layout used to melt and mix the components of glass.

  12. Step 1: Melting the Glass (2) At this time oxygen and hydrogen may be injected into the furnace to increase the heat transfer making the material melt faster.

  13. Step 1: Melting the Glass (3) From the melting process, the material is turned into a glass called aluminosilicate. At this point the glass contains: • Aluminum • Silicon • Oxygen • Sodium Ions -Basic glass structure.

  14. Step 2: Mold the Glass The hot molten is poured out into the desired shape and thickness. At this point in the process, the glass has been made very transparent. -Technician pouring molten glass

  15. Resilience? But where does gorilla glass get its superior resilience from? -Testing the strength of the glass. -Compares Gorilla Glass to Soda Lime Glass

  16. Step 3: Ion Exchange • The main step in manufacturing Gorilla Glass is ion exchange. Ion exchange is carried out by dipping the glass into a 400 degree Celsius bath of Potassium ions. • The sodium ionic bonds with the aluminosilicate break from the heat, and potassium ions take their place. -A glass technician dipping new glass into a potassium bath.

  17. Step 3: Ion Exchange (2) So why do the Potassium ionic bonds maintain during the heat? • Potassium is an Active Metal (Shares characteristics with Na) • The larger the atomic weight for an active metal, the better the ionic bond produced

  18. Step 3: Ion Exchange (3) • Because of the greater atomic size of Potassium, the glass experiences a very intense compression. SodiumPotassium 22.99 g/mol < 39.1 g/mol

  19. The Final Result! After all these steps, the final product is the Gorilla Glass, used by millions daily.

  20. The Future of Gorilla Glass

  21. Gorilla Glass 2 In 2012 Corning announced Gorilla Glass 2, which is 20% thinner than its predecessor. • Has the same scratch resistivity • Has same strength quality • Improved touch-sensitivity -Corning puts their glass to the test

  22. Gorilla Glass 3 • Early 2013 Gorilla Glass 3 was released. • Stronger than GG2. • 3X more scratch resistant. • 40% of the scratches that do occur will not be visible to the naked eye. -Scratch test Gorilla Glass vs competitors' glass -Gorilla Glass 3 vs Soda Lime glass & Gorilla Glass 2

  23. Corning’s Vision • Gorilla Glass can be used almost everywhere in everyday life. • Gorilla Glass has a bright future. • It will continue to become, stronger, slimmer, and more resistant to damage. • Video of a futuristic life with gorilla glass products everywhere.

  24. Gorilla Glass’ Future • Today gorilla glass is used only in phones, laptops and a few TVs. • In the future the possibilities seem to be limitless. • The glass keeps getting: • Thinner, which leads to sharper display • Stronger • More scratch resistant

  25. Growth of Gorilla Glass • When GG1 came out, it was used in about 20% of devices world wide (200 million units) • In 2012 when GG2 came out it was announced that it had been used in over one billion devices worldwide. • These numbers are just from mobile devices, phones, and TVs. • As gorilla glass keeps improving it can be used in many other things, and the numbers will rise exponentially.

  26. Current Devices That use GG Laptops -Dell -Sony -Lenovo TV’s -Sony Cameras -Lecia Phones –Iphone –HTC –LG –Motorolla –Nokia –Samsung Tablets –Samsung –Blackberry –Lenovo

  27. Future Devices with GG • Watches • Mirrors • Displays for cars • Kitchen Counters • Large Displays • Almost anything

  28. Sources: http://www.corninggorillaglass.com/#faqs http://www.corning.com/docs/specialtymaterials/pisheets/PI2317.pdf http://www.corning.com/news_center/corning_stories/gorilla_glass.aspx http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/08/02/gorilla-glass-1962-invent_n_667416.html http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/09/ff-corning-gorilla-glass/all/

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