1 / 10

Ch. 15 – Acids & Bases

Ch. 15 – Acids & Bases. ACIDS – Have a H + ion (Hydronium ion) Corrosive pH lower than 7 Electrolyte Sour taste Mix acid to water to dilute; never mix water to acid. Common Acids. Nitric acid – HNO 3 Hydrochloric acid – HCl Phosphoric acid – H 3 PO 4 Sulfuric acid – H 2 SO 4

casey-mcmahon
Télécharger la présentation

Ch. 15 – Acids & Bases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ch. 15 – Acids & Bases • ACIDS – Have a H+ ion (Hydronium ion) • Corrosive • pH lower than 7 • Electrolyte • Sour taste • Mix acid to water to dilute; never mix water to acid.

  2. Common Acids • Nitric acid – HNO3 • Hydrochloric acid – HCl • Phosphoric acid – H3PO4 • Sulfuric acid – H2SO4 • Carbonic acid – HCO3 • Acetic acid – HC2H3O2

  3. Phosphoric acid • Flavor agent in beverages • Acetic acid • 5% of vinegar • Fermentation product in juices, wines, & beer • Hydrochloric acid • Stomach acid • Used to pickle metals

  4. Nitric acid • Making explosives • Turns skin yellow – protein indicator • Sulfuric acid • Strongest acid • Used in car batteries • Dehydrating agent (anhydrous)

  5. Bases • Base – has an OH- ion (hydroxide ion) • Corrosive • pH higher than 7 • Electrolyte • Bitter taste • Pink with phenophalthene as an indicator • H+ & OH- ions tend to neutralize each other out  Neutralization

  6. Common Bases • Lithium hydroxide – LiOH  strong • Calcium hydroxide – Ca(OH)2  weak • Sodium hydroxide – NaOH  strong • Lye & drain cleaner • Potassium hydroxide – KOH  strong • Magnesium hydroxide – Mg(OH)2  weak • Ant-acid

  7. A substance with OH- form a soluble base is called an alkaline. • An acid with a compound of H, O, & a third element is called an Oxyacid. • Ex. HNO3, H2SO4 • NH4 is the only base without OH in it.

  8. Basic anhydride is an oxide that reacts with water to form an alkaline solution. • A base without water • Takes water out of a substance when it comes in contact with it. • Very strong bases (lye) • The stronger the base the more anhydric it is.

  9. Acid anhydride is an oxide that reacts with water to form an acid. • An acid without water • Takes water out of substances when it comes in contact with them. • Very strong acids (sulfuric acid) • The stronger the acid the more anhydric it is.

  10. ACIDS & BASES COMBINE TO FORM A SALT & WATER. • NaOH + HCl  H2O + NaCl • HCl + LiOH  H2O + LiCl • Amphoteric is any solution that can react as either an acid or a base.

More Related