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iPad Training

iPad Training. Martinaire. Introduction. The purpose and intent of this program is to train and advise the flight crews on the policy and use of the iPad as a Class 1, Type B EFB for flight operations.

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iPad Training

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  1. iPad Training Martinaire

  2. Introduction The purpose and intent of this program is to train and advise the flight crews on the policy and use of the iPad as a Class 1, Type B EFB for flight operations. This training program will encompass many available options and software used with the iPad, although current company policy will dictate programs & software approved for use. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  3. Subject Matter This presentation will discuss the following subject matter • About the iPad • External Features • Charging • Care and Cleaning • Software (aka Apps) • Additional Software • Data rates and download issues • EFB Classes & Types • Martinair Aviation L.L.C. Policy • iPad Policy • Preflight • Cockpit • Cockpit Issues • Cockpit Contingency • Post Flight • Documentation for iPad use • CFR 14 Part 91 • CFR 14 Part 135 • iPad use under CFR 14 Parts 91 and 135 • Review (c) MaxManuals 2011

  4. About the iPad • iPads come in three versions • iPad 1 (ATT only) • iPad 2 (faster processor, two cameras, ATT or Verizon) • iPad 3 (faster processor, higher resolution screen) • iPads are available with 3 different sizes of internal storage. 16G, 32G, 64G. • Each of the above iPads are available with 3G or without 3G (aka WiFi only). • 3G allows downloading of data over a cellular network • 3G iPads come equipped with an internal GPS receiver. • WiFi only iPads do not have a GPS receiver. • WiFi only iPads have the capability to use cellular phone towers to approximate a position. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  5. External Features of the iPad • Charging and connection port • External speakers and headset • Power Button • Volume buttons • Mute switch • Home Button • Touch Screen • Camera/Video • SIM Cards NOTE: Take the time to become familiar with your IPAD before use. Training videos are located on the Apple Website. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  6. Charging the iPad Flight crew should become familiar with the charging characteristics of the iPad to ensure that sufficient battery life is available prior to aircraft departure. • 110/220 VAC outlet. 12 VDC outlet (automobile). • USB source from Apple product (will not charge from most Windows laptops). • Battery life 12-14 hours of use. 10-14 days on standby. • Fully charging a dead battery may take as long as 10 hours. • Crew may charge the iPad in the aircraft if needed (where 110/220VAC or 12 VDC is available). (c) MaxManuals 2011

  7. Care and Cleaning of the iPad • Soft Cloth • Screen cleaner (optional) • Do not spray screen cleaner directly on the iPad • Use a protective cover or sleeve for the iPad • Non-Glare type screen protectors are available • DO NOT use window cleaners. These can damage the oleophobic coating on the iPad screen and reduce the functionality of the iPad over time. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  8. Software(aka Apps) • Jepp FD® • Provides Jeppesen charts in electronic format. Enroute and terminal charts are available as well as the information found in “Book 1” of the Jeppesen Manuals. • Foreflight® and FltPlan.com® provides: • High and Low enroute charts • Flight Plan filing • DUATS Flight briefing including weather, NOTAMS, etc • Imagery including most NOAA products (Surface Prog, Winds aloft, freezing level etc) • NOScharts (backup to Jepp FD® software) (c) MaxManuals 2011

  9. Software (continued) • Email • Your company may find it useful to establish an email address for each aircraft. • Allows flight plans, trip sheets, and other information to be available to crew members (c) MaxManuals 2011

  10. Data Rates and Issues • 3G Data rates • Use of the 3G data feature on the iPads require enrollment onto an ATT or Verizon data plan. • Like any cellular program, exceeding the data allotment will incur additional fees. With the large databases found in Jeppesen and ForeFlight products, it is quite easy to exceed these data allowances when downloading with the 3G feature. • WiFi data • All iPads have WiFi capability and when used on a ground based WiFi system, you will typically not incur additional fees making it ideal for updating large data bases. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  11. Data Rates and Issues(continued) • Airborne WiFi operations (if your aircraft is so equipped) can incur huge data fees. Insure you have a very good understanding of the costs involved before updating any databases while connected to the aircraft WiFi. • International Roaming. • iPads are capable of 3G roaming while traveling internationally. Check with your carrier for costs and details of your particular program. • Using other carriers • Current iPads allow users to change the SIM card to take advantage of local data plans. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  12. EFB Classes & Types • Class 1 EFB: • Generally a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) based computer system such as laptops, PDA’s, Tablet PC’s, etc. • Portable • Not mounted to the aircraft • May connect to ships power, but not a requirement. • If using exclusively for Type A software, does not require administrative control. MOST iPad EFB’s fall into this category. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  13. EFB Classes & Types (Continued) • Class 2 EFB • Generally a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) based computer system such as laptops, PDA’s, Tablet PC’s, etc. • Portable • Mounted to the aircraft (can be removable) • May connect to ships power, but not a requirement. • May receive data from aircraft data bus. • Class 3 EFB • Mounted & electrically connected to the aircraft. • May be connected to essential and/or aircraft data busses. • May be used for other aircraft data communication applications. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  14. EFB Classes & Types (Continued) • Type A Software Applications • Type A software applications are pre-composed, fixed presentations of data that are also currently presented in paper format. These software applications may consist of manuals relating to the operation of the aircraft including an operator’s MEL. Additional examples of Type A software applications may be found in AC 120-76A, Appendix A. • Type B Software Applications • Type B software applications include dynamic, interactive applications that can manipulate data and presentation. These applications may consist of terminal charts, electronic logbook, electronic weight & balance, aircraft performance data including calculation capability for takeoff, enroute, and landing operations, electronic checklists, air to ground data links, aeronautical weather data, etc. Additional examples of Type B software applications may be found in AC 120-76A, Appendix B. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  15. EFB Classes & Types (Continued) • Type C Software Applications • Type C software applications may include primary flight displays, TCAS, ADSB, moving map displays, own-ship position, etc. These applications require AIR design approval unless the software is user modifiable, which may be utilized to host Type A or B applications. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  16. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy • iPads will be kept updated and charged while in iPad storage area • All Part 91 and Part 135 flights will be assigned an iPad and charger for the entire trip • At the beginning of each flight day, each pilot will assure the assigned iPad display current data. • At the beginning of each flight day, pilots will ensure at least one iPad has a minimum charge level of 95%. The other iPad must have a charge that would reasonably be expected to last the duration of the flight under normal use. • Pilots are completely responsible for the iPad for the duration of the trip (c) MaxManuals 2011

  17. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy (Continued) • Do not connect the iPad to your iTunes program. • Do not install additional Apps • Additional Apps will undergo a short testing phase before implementation • Do not update OS/Firmware • OS/Firmware updates will undergo a longer testing phase to determine stability and suitability. • App and OS/Firmware will be updated by the Director of Operations (or designee). Pilots will be advised of any changes or features. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  18. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy (Continued) • iPads are company property. • iPads are similar to a “public computer” • Users should take care not to store, sensitive (company or personal) data including user names and passwords. • Insure you are “logged out” of any web applications that you may use. • Internet browsing history is recorded. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  19. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy – Preflight (multi- pilot aircraft) • 2 updated (current) iPads will be carried in the cockpit on each flight • Batteries are considered the primary power source for the iPads. • One of the iPads must have a minimum charge level of 95% at the beginning of the flight day. • The other iPad must have a charge that would reasonably be expected to last the duration of the flight under normal use. • The iPads may be charged in flight if the aircraft is so equipped. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  20. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy – Preflight (multi- pilot aircraft) • 1 iPad may be assigned to a trip. • iPad must have a minimum charge level of 95% at the beginning of the flight day. • Printed Charts will be carried for (at a minimum) departure, destination, alternate and diversion airports as well as appropriate enroute charts. • iPads are not required. Paper charts are still approved. • A full compliment of charts and company documents must be carried if flights are dispatched without iPads. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  21. Martinair Aviation L.L.C.iPad Policy – Preflight (single pilot operations) • 2 updated iPads may be carried in the cockpit during flight. • See 2 iPad (multi-pilot) procedures above. • 1 iPad may be carried in the cockpit during flight. • iPad must have a minimum charge level of 95% at the beginning of the flight day. • Printed Charts will be carried for (at a minimum) departure, destination, alternate and diversion airports as well as appropriate enroute charts. • iPads are not required. Paper charts are still approved. • A full compliment of charts and company documents must be carried if flights are dispatched without iPads. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  22. Martinair Aviation L.L.C.iPad Policy – Preflight Databases • Databases shall be updated before each trip. • Aviation apps flag, denote, or do not allow outdated data to be displayed to a pilot. • Simply because a database update is due does not mean a pilot is using expired or invalid data. It is the sole responsibility of the Pilot In Command to insure the iPads of intended use have a current database. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  23. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy - Cockpit (continued) • iPads should be set to display the most appropriate chart for the phase of flight • iPads are considered “loose equipment” and should be stowed in the their designated area for take off and landing. • iPads will not be mounted in the aircraft • iPads should be readily available for reference when needed. • Avoid unnecessary wires and cables in the cockpit. As these could create egress issues. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  24. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy - Cockpit (Continued) • Battery • Li-Polymer battery (significantly different from a Li-ion battery) • higher power density • safer design • does not have a “memory” The major enemy of a Li-Polymer battery is heat. The iPad should not be left in the sun, hot cockpits, rental cars, or be unnecessarily overheated. Charging in certain iPad cases may also cause unnecessary overheating of the unit. Discharging an iPad to zero charge does not extend battery life. • Any aircraft outlet labeled “for EFB use only” shall only be used to charge EFB’s (iPads) and will not be used to charge any other device. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  25. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy - Cockpit (Continued) Battery The length of time a charged battery will last (measured in flight time) is determined by the settings a particular pilot uses during flight. • Pilots can increase battery life by: • Turning off 3G • Turning off WiFi • Dimming the screen • Turning off Location Services • Turning off the screen when not in use It is possible that a battery with a 10% charge can be fully functional after a 13 hour flight. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  26. Martinair Aviation L.L.C.iPad Policy - Cockpit Issues The following discusses issues to consider when using the iPad: • Screen breakage – most likely to occur when iPad has been left between cockpit seats and bulkhead, and seats are moved to the aft most position. • Overheating – occurs most often when iPad is placed on glareshield in flight. Can be quickly corrected by directing gasper air directly on screen. • Charging is allowed in and out of the cockpit depending on aircraft configuration. • Screen Locks are discouraged. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  27. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy - Cockpit Contingencies As with any device, failures can occur. The following company policies will assist pilots in mitigating this risk. • In case of single iPad failure, the crew will endeavor to record an adequate description of the appropriate charts necessary to complete the flight. Flights are not required to hold or be otherwise delayed while chart information is copied. • More than one aircraft accident has been caused by distracted crew members, therefore pilots will not allow an iPad failure or the act of recording information to satisfy this part to distract the crew in any fashion. An inoperative iPad is to be considered nothing more than a nuisance to be dealt with as time and resources permit. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  28. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy - Cockpit Contingencies • In the event of a single iPad failure, the flight may continue to the destination and or alternate. • NOTE: A flight may be dispatched with 1 iPad operational and up to date provided printed charts are available to cover (at a minimum), departure, enroute, destination, alternate and diversion airports. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  29. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy - Cockpit Contingencies (Continued) In case of dual iPad failure, the crew will use any means necessary to obtain an adequate description of the appropriate charts necessary to complete the flight. This may include, but is not limited to, • Flight phones/ onboard fax machines • HF/VHF radio transmissions • Laptops/cell phones with appropriate charts • Flight Management Systems capable of storing the appropriate information. Flight crewmembers may request assistance by querying: • ATC • Flight Service Stations • Other flights in the vicinity. The crew may also consider: • Deviation to a more suitable airport • Declaring an Emergency • Any alternative methods of obtaining the information necessary to safely make an approach and landing. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  30. Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPad Policy – Post Flight • Pilots will return iPads after the trip • Begin the database update procedure Because databases may expire between iPad uses and database update process may encounter any number of issues, it is not the responsibility of the post-flighting pilot to ensure a complete and accurate update of the iPad databases. Beginning the database update process at the end of a flight will assist the next pilots who use the iPad (but this action alone will NOT guarantee updated databases. • Charge iPad • Turn off 3G • Clean Screen (c) MaxManuals 2011

  31. Martinair Aviation L.L.C.iPad Maintenance • Inoperative Class 1 EFB’s (iPad) do not require MEL relief and no additional paperwork is required (other than obtaining paper charts) for dispatch with inoperative iPads. • IPad EFB’s contain no serviceable parts and there are no maintenance procedures approved by Apple Inc. that can be performed by individuals outside of Apple. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  32. Martinair Aviation L.L.C.iPad Maintenance • Screen • The iPad screen is an LED powered touchscreen. LED screens do not “burn in” or have other issues that require any special procedures (maintenance or otherwise) to ensure viewability. • The only “preventative maintenance” that may be performed by a user is a simple screen cleaning. • A soft screen cleaning cloth is recommended. • Battery • No battery maintenance procedures are applicable. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  33. Documentation for iPad use under CFR 14 Parts 91 and 135 Pilots will carry the following documentation to show that the iPad may legally be used to display approach chart Information during FAR Part 91 or Part 135 flights. Consult with your iPad administrator for the location of the documentation on your iPad For Part 91 flights, the following applies: • FAA Order 8900.1 Vol 4 Chapter 15 Section 1 Paragraph 4-1642 This paragraph is important because it states: part “…The processes described in this section may also be used to determine if an EFB may be substituted for aeronautical charts and data used within aircraft operated under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 91. No written authorization is required for part 91 operators except those conducted under part 91 subpart K (91K).” --Continued on the next page-- (c) MaxManuals 2011

  34. Documentation for iPad use under CFR 14 Parts 91 and 135 (Continued) For Part 135 flights, the following applies • AC 120-76A - Guidelines for the Certification, Airworthiness, and Operational Approval of Electronic Flight Bag Computing Devices • A061 (Use of Electronic Flight Bag) and OpSpec A025 (Electronic Record Keeping). • A061 is required to begin using the iPads (with paper backup) during Part 135 operations. • A025 will be issued after the validation period ends allowing operators to remove any paper copies from the aircraft. Note: Operators should take care when removing paper from the aircraft to insure the data it represents is currently available and will remain available on the iPads. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  35. iPad use under Parts 91 and 135(continued) • Martinair Aviation L.L.C. has obtained approval to use the iPad as a Class 1 EFB using Type A and B Software. • iPads have been tested in the “on” position for Rapid Decompression IAW Order 8900.1, Vol 4, Para 4-1644 – B • iPads have been tested for non-interference during all phases of flight (including critical phases of flight) IAW Order 8900.1, Vol 4, Para 4-1644- C (Method 2). • “The user/operator is responsible for ensuring that a Class 1 or 2 EFB along with Type A and B applications will reliably perform its intended function while not interfering with other aircraft equipment or operations.” (c) MaxManuals 2011

  36. iPad use under Parts 91 and 135(continued) External satellite antennas (GPS), Weather Antennas (XM), batteries, cameras and other external devices have not been tested and are not approved for use with Martinair Aviation L.L.C. iPads. Certain iPads have built in GPS antennas which certain “apps” may make use of to generate a “ship position”. The FAA has published the following information: • GPS data may be used for map centering when en route charts are displayed on an EFB. Map centering may be used as an en route chart feature only and may not be used when an approach chart is displayed; • “Own-ship position” may never be displayed on a Class 1 or 2 EFB in flight; and • A GPS installation in compliance with AC 20-159 is required for the depiction of own-ship position on an airport moving map display. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  37. iPad use under Parts 91 and 135(continued) • NOTE: It is possible to obtain approval for the use of an external GPS device. The FAA publishes the following guidelines: • If a portable GPS is used to provide position information to an EFB, the portable GPS is subject to the same requirements as the EFB (Rapid Decompression testing and electrical interference testing). • The EFB must demonstrate its intended functions with the GPS both enabled and disabled. In addition, the EFB must be non-interference tested with the portable GPS attached and operative, as well as with the portable GPS not attached (unless the EFB is considered inoperative without the portable GPS). Class 1 or 2 EFBs may use position information from a portable GPS only for en route map centering or page-turning, but must not display own-ship position on the EFB. (Exception: See AC 20-159 for use of own-ship position on an AMMD.) (c) MaxManuals 2011

  38. iPad use under Parts 91 and 135(continued) • All flight maneuvers that fall within the normal operational envelope of the aircraft are approved for iPad use. • No special pilot/controller procedures are required during iPad use. • iPads are authorized for any geographical area for which data is available. • iPads are not currently authorized for simulator training. • Operational iPads may be substituted for inoperative iPads if they meet all of the required criteria for use aboard Martinair Aviation L.L.C. aircraft (full charge and current databases). Rapid Decompression and EMI testing are not required on an individual iPad basis. All models of the iPad have been tested and conform to FAA specifications. • Any failure of an iPad that necessitates substitution or dispatch with paper charts shall be reported to the Chief Pilot via email within 24 hours. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  39. iPad use under Parts 91 and 135(continued) Issuance of Operation Specifications: • A061 allow the use of EFBs during part 135 flights. This OpSpec alone, does not allow paper documents (Enroute, Terminal and/or VFR Charts, Operations Manuals, MEL’s etc.) to be removed from the aircraft. • A025 shall be applied for at the end of the trial period and allows paper documents (Enroute, Terminal and/or VFR Charts, Operations Manuals, MEL’s etc.) to be removed from the cockpit and replaced with electronic versions of the same. • Martinair Aviation L.L.C. should insure that OpSpec A009 Airport Aeronautical Data and A010 Aeronautical Weather Data/ Qualified Internet Weather Providers is also updated if appropriate. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  40. iPad use under Parts 91 and 135(continued) Other Operations under A061 Operation Specifications: • Electronic checklist applications provide cockpit checklists in compliance with regulatory requirements. These applications must be available for use during all phases of flight. Electronic checklist (systems) must be tested for flight operations suitability and must not adversely impact pilot workload. • W&B applications are applications with algorithms to calculate weight and balance results. Type B W&B applications are produced for a specific aircraft and therefore, must be tested and proven accurate by the applicant . • Aircraft performance applications are performance applications with algorithms to calculate performance results. Type B aircraft performance applications are produced for a specific aircraft and therefore, must be tested and proven accurate by the applicant. (c) MaxManuals 2011

  41. Review • Name two ways to update iPad data • 3G • WiFi • Describe the costs that may be associated with iPad updates • 3G requires data plan and may incur overage charges • iPads should not be updated using onboard internet connections (3G or WiFi) due to cost • Ground based WiFi connections are free and should be used when large amounts of data is transferred (c) MaxManuals 2011

  42. Review(continued) • What documents constitute approval for iPad use under Part 91? • FAA Order 8900.1 Vol 4 Chapter 15 Section 1 states that no written authorization is required for Part 91 operations. • What documents constitute approval for iPad use under Part 135? • OpSpec A061allows the use of EFBs during Part 135 Operations. • OpSpec A025 (issuance constitutes approval to remove paper charts from the cockpit) (c) MaxManuals 2011

  43. Review(continued) • What is the primary source of iPad power? • Battery . NOTE: May be charged in flight. • What programs are required to be installed and up to date for dispatch? • Jepp FD® • Foreflight® • What is required for dispatch without paper charts? • 2 iPads • One of which has a minimum charge of 95% at the beginning of the flight day. • The other must have at least enough battery power to complete the trip. • Both must be updated before flight (Jepp FD® and Foreflight®) • 8900.1, Vol 4, Chpt 15, AC120-67A, OpSpec A061 and A025 (c) MaxManuals 2011

  44. Review(continued) • What Class of EFB is an iPad? • Class 1 • What Type of Software are we authorized to use? • Type A and B software • Describe the EFB Class and Software Type from above. • Class 1 • Commercial Off the Shelf • Portable • Not attached to the aircraft or permanently wired into the aircraft. • Type B • Hosted on any hardware Class • Interactive programs • Requires POI Approval (c) MaxManuals 2011

  45. Review(continued) • What phases of flight are the iPads approved for? • All phases including critical phases of flight. • Does an inoperative iPad require MEL paperwork? • No. Since the iPad is not mounted or receiving power from the aircraft. It is considered loose equipment just as your paper Jepp binders. • What geographical area(s) are we authorized to use the iPad? • Any area which both iPads have complete and updated data (c) MaxManuals 2011

  46. Review(continued) • Should iPad failures or substitutions be reported? • Yes, within 24 hours to the Chief Pilot • Are any external devices (GPS antennas, XM weather antennas, etc) approved for use. • No (c) MaxManuals 2011

  47. Disclaimer iPad and iTunes are registered trademarks of Apple products and not associated with Maximum Manuals or Martinair Aviation L.L.C.. The use of the Apple products names throughout the document does not imply, or suggest, ownership of, or relation to, in any manner and is only mentioned in reference for the context and purposes noted. The suggested, or implied, use of any products mentioned in this document is for training purposes only and is done so with the strict understanding that each entity using this training document has confirmed the use of those products does not inhibit their current operations, their safety procedures in place, any products currently in use, and contradict any training procedures or policies currently in place. All content, and any portions thereof, contained within the document is the property of Maximum Manuals, LLC and is not to be distributed, used, modified, sold, without approval and specific written authorization from Maximum Manual, LLC. Use of the content for other purposes other then the intent for which the document was sold (c) MaxManuals 2011

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