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AM 1 and AM 2 Review

AM 1 and AM 2 Review. 1. The three basic components of an atom are: (a) protons, neutrons, and ions
(b ) protons, neutrons, and electrons
(c ) protons, neutrinos, and ions
(d ) protium , deuterium, and tritium Answer: b. 2. The identity of an element is determined by the number of:

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AM 1 and AM 2 Review

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  1. AM 1 and AM 2 Review

  2. 1. The three basic components of an atom are: • (a) protons, neutrons, and ions
(b) protons, neutrons, and electrons
(c) protons, neutrinos, and ions
(d) protium, deuterium, and tritium • Answer: b

  3. 2. The identity of an element is determined by the number of: • (a) atoms
(b) electrons
(c) neutrons
(d) protons • Answer: d

  4. 3. The nucleus of an atom consists of:
 • (a) electrons
(b) neutrons
(c) protons and neutrons
(d) protons, neutrons, and electrons • Answer: c

  5. 4. A single proton has what electrical charge? • (a) no charge
(b) positive charge
(c) negative charge
(d) either a positive or negative charge • Answer: b

  6. 5. Which particles have approximately the same size and mass as each other? • (a) neutrons and electrons
(b) electrons and protons
(c) protons and neutrons
(d) none - they are all very different in size and mass • Answer: c

  7. 6. Which two particles would be attracted to each other? • (a) electrons and neutrons
(b) electrons and protons
(c) protons and neutrons
(d) all particles are attracted to each other • Answer: b

  8. 7. The atomic number of an atom is: • (a) the number of electrons
(b) the number of neutrons
(c) the number of protons
(d) the number of protons plus the number of neutrons • Answer: c

  9. 8. Changing the number of neutrons of an atom changes its: • (a) isotope
(b) element
(c) ion
(d) charge • Answer: a

  10. 9. When you change the number of electrons on an atom, you produce a different: • (a) isotope
(b) ion
(c) element
(d) atomic mass • Answer: b

  11. 10. According to atomic theory, electrons are usually found: • (a) in the atomic nucleus
(b) outside the nucleus, yet very near it because they are attracted to the protons
(c) outside the nucleus and often far from it - most of an atom's volume is its electron cloud
(d) either in the nucleus or around it - electrons are readily found anywhere in an atom • Answer: c

  12. 11. The spontaneous disintegration of unstable nuclei by the emission of particles is called • a. radioactivity b. spontaneous combustion c. chemical decomposition Answer:a

  13. 12. An alpha particle has • a. 2 protons and 1 neutron b. 2 protons and 2 neutrons c. 1 proton and 2 neutrons Answer: b

  14. 13. Fast moving electrons emitted by atomic nuclei are known as • a. alpha particles b. beta particles c. gamma rays Answer: b

  15. 14. When radioactive decay changes atoms of one chemical element into atoms of another element, the process is called • a. nuclear explosions b. chemical decomposition c. transmutation Answer: c

  16. 15. A thorium-232 atom undergoes alpha decay. What element will be the product of this process? • a. radium b. uranium c. plutonium Answer: a

  17. 16. An atom of H-3 undergoes beta decay. The element that will be produced is • a. hydrogen b. helium c. lithium Answer: b

  18. 17. The mass and charge of a gamma ray are • a. mass = 1 and charge = 0 b. mass = 0 and charge = 1 c. mass = 0 and charge = 0 Answer: c

  19. 18. An isotope having a half-life of 5 years currently has an average activity of 600 counts /min. What was the approximate activity of this sample 15 years ago? Answer: 4800 counts/min.

  20. 19. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 2.0 hours. If you start with an 80 gram sample, how much of the original isotope will remain after 10 hours? Answer: 2.5 grams

  21. 20. Balance the following ______ + 10n → 14256Ba +9136Kr + 310n 23592U

  22. 21. Determine the number of protons and electrons in the following ions Ca +2 20 protons 18 electrons N -3 7 protons 10 electrons

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