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Deaf and Hard of Hearing

Deaf and Hard of Hearing. How does the ear work?. How does the ear work?. How does the ear work?. Outer ear catches sound waves. How does the ear work?. Outer ear catches sound waves Middle ear turns waves into vibrations. How does the ear work?. Outer ear catches sound waves

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Deaf and Hard of Hearing

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  1. Deaf and Hard of Hearing

  2. How does the ear work?

  3. How does the ear work?

  4. How does the ear work? • Outer ear catches sound waves

  5. How does the ear work? • Outer ear catches sound waves • Middle ear turns waves into vibrations

  6. How does the ear work? • Outer ear catches sound waves • Middle ear turns waves into vibrations • Inner ear produces signals which are sent to the brain

  7. How does the ear work? • Outer ear catches sound waves • Middle ear turns waves into vibrations • Inner ear produces signals which are sent to the brain • The brain makes them meaningful

  8. Types of Hearing Loss

  9. Types of Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Loss- sound waves cannot travel to the inner ear

  10. Types of Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Loss- sound waves cannot travel to the inner ear Sensorineural Hearing Loss - caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve

  11. Types of Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Loss – OUTER sound waves cannot travel to the inner ear Sensorineural Hearing Loss – MIDDLE-INNER caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve

  12. Degree of Hearing Loss (ASHA) • Normal range = 0 dB to 20 dB • Mild loss = 20 dB to 40 dB • Moderate loss = 40 dB to 60 dB • Severe loss = 60 dB to 80 dB • Profound loss = 80 dB or more

  13. Definitions • People who are Deaf / Deaf people • Have little use of hearing • Usually perceive some sound • Can be divided into three groups: • Congenitally Deaf • Prelingually Deaf • Postlingually Deaf

  14. Definitions • People who are Deaf / Deaf people • Have little use of hearing • Usually perceive some sound • Can be divided into three groups: • Congenitally Deaf • Prelingually Deaf • Postlingually Deaf • People who are hard of hearing: • Experience a loss of hearing between 20 and 60 dB

  15. Identification • Testing methods include: • Air conduction audiometry • Bone conduction audiometry • Otoacoustic emissions (AOE) can be used for universal infant screening

  16. Early Identification • Early identification remains an issue • Average age for identification of mild and moderate loss is between 5 and 6 years old • The average age of deaf children’s identification is between 18 months and 2.5 years • Children identified before six months old have better results than children identified after 18 months

  17. IEP Considerations For students with hearing loss, IDEA '04 calls for IEP Teams to consider:

  18. IEP Considerations For students with hearing loss, IDEA '04 calls for IEP Teams to consider: • Language and communication needs

  19. IEP Considerations For students with hearing loss, IDEA '04 calls for IEP Teams to consider: • Language and communication needs • Opportunities for direct communication

  20. IEP Considerations For students with hearing loss, IDEA '04 calls for IEP Teams to consider: • Language and communication needs • Opportunities for direct communication • The student's academic level

  21. IEP Considerations For students with hearing loss, IDEA '04 calls for IEP Teams to consider: • Language and communication needs • Opportunities for direct communication • The student's academic level • The student's full range of needs

  22. Prevalence • Hearing loss is the number one “birth defect” in the U.S. • Over 1/2 adults over the age of 65 • Almost ¼ of 1% of all schoolchildren • Over 30% have multiple disabilities

  23. Etiology • Known causes (most unknown) • Maternal rubella • Meningitis • Otitis media • Heredity / genetics (35%) • Noise

  24. Prevention • Noise abatement (say no to The Clash) • Preventative health care / early diagnosis and intervention • Cochlear implants • Best if child receives before age 5 • Not everyone is able to use • Benefits include improvement in speech, language, and reading

  25. Inclusion • The general education classroom may be the most restrictive • For many it results in exclusion • More comprehensive services tend to be centralized

  26. Technology • Four types of hearing aids are available • Behind the ear (BTE) • In the ear (ITE) • In the canal (ITC) • Completely in the canal (CIC) • Assistive devices for the Deaf include: • Assistive listening devices • Hearing aids, digital hearing aids, FM transmission devices, audio loops • Telecommunication devices • TTYs, closed and open captions, and rear window captioning • Computer text-to-speech • Real time captions • Alerting devices • Special devices for alarms doorbells and telephones

  27. Deaf people

  28. People who are deaf

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