1 / 18

INFECTIOUS DISEASES

INFECTIOUS DISEASES. BY: Ms. Santoshi Naik Assistant Professor Yenepoya Pharmacy Collge and Research Centre. Infectious diseases??.

cbrill
Télécharger la présentation

INFECTIOUS DISEASES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. INFECTIOUS DISEASES BY: Ms. Santoshi Naik Assistant Professor Yenepoya Pharmacy Collge and Research Centre

  2. Infectious diseases?? Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. 

  3. Examples of Infectious diseases • Typhoid • Meningitis • Leprosy • Tuberculosis • Urinary tract infections

  4. 1. TYPHOID

  5. Definition • An infectious feverish disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi (Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi) and less commonly by Salmonella paratyphi– Paratyphoid. • The disease is clinically characterised by typical continuous fever for 3 to 4 weeks. • It is also known as Enteric Fever.

  6. Causes Caused by the bacteriumSalmonella Typhi

  7. Modes of transmission

  8. PATHOGENESIS OF TYPHOID • Ingestion of contaminated food or water Salmonella bacteria • Invade small intestine and enter the bloodstream • In 7-10 days carried by white blood cells in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow • Multiply and reenter the bloodstream

  9. Bacteria invade the gallbladder, biliary system, and the lymphatic tissue of the bowel and multiply in high numbers • Then pass into the intestinal tract and can be identified for diagnosis in cultures from the stool tested in the laboratory

  10. Symptoms • No symptoms - if only a mild exposure; some people become "carriers" of typhoid. • Poor appetite, • Headaches, • Generalized aches and pains, • Fever, • Lethargy, • Diarrhea, • Have a sustained fever as high as 103 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit (39 to 40 degrees Celsius), • Chest congestion develops in many patients, and abdominal pain and discomfort are common, • Rose spots

  11. Rose spots Aches and pains High fever Chest congestion Headaches Diarrhea

  12. Diagnosis Diagnosis of typhoid fever is made by • Blood, bone marrow, or stool cultures test • Widal test • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing

  13. Widal test " A test involving agglutination of typhoid bacilli when they are mixed with serum containing typhoid antibodies from an individual having typhoid fever; used to detect the presencke of Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi." • If agglutination occurs – Positive report.

  14. Prevention And Treatment

  15. PROPHYLAXIS

  16. PREVENTION OF TYPHOID • Buy bottled drinking water or boil for one minute before drinking it. • Vaccination for typhoid infection • Eat food that have been thoroughly cooked and that are still hot and steaming. • Avoid raw vegetables and food. • When eating raw fruit and vegetables peel it before eating. • In case of fruits and vegetables that cannot be peeled wash them thoroughly with hot water. • Avoid foods and beverages from street vendors.

  17. TREATMENT • Antibiotics • Fluid and electrolyte replacement

More Related