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Fungi : Chap 12

You can eat all mushrooms, some only once!!!. Fungi : Chap 12. Shelf fungi. Giant puffball. Four groups of fungi 1. Chytrids 2. Bread molds 3. Mushrooms Club fungi 4. Sac fungi. Zombie Ants. Stinkbug fungi Zombie ants. Fungi spread on stink bugs.

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Fungi : Chap 12

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  1. You can eat all mushrooms, some only once!!! Fungi : Chap 12

  2. Shelf fungi Giant puffball Four groups of fungi 1. Chytrids 2. Bread molds 3. Mushrooms Club fungi 4. Sac fungi

  3. Zombie Ants Stinkbug fungi Zombie ants Fungi spread on stink bugs http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=pla yer_embedded&v=XuKjBIBBAL8

  4. What makes one a fungus?? • It is an eukaryote • Most fungi are ____ • Sessile • Decomposers • Heterotrophic • Cell wall made up of ___

  5. Which characteristic of fungi acts as evidence that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants? A. Being sessile B. Presence of a cell wall C. The sequence of fungal DNA D. All of the above.

  6. Fungi are everywhere! Black Bread Mold Fruit Rot A soil sample. Arthrobotrys – nematode strangler Fungi as a predator Truffles

  7. Beneficial Fungi 2. Food industry Yeast 1. Decomposers = digest dead matter Blue cheeses are aged with the help of a specific fungus

  8. 3. Medically useful fungi: provides antibiotics Penicillin from Penicillium fungi Cyclosporin - Made organ transplant possible Ergotmine – helps treat migraines, prevents hemorrhaging

  9. 4. Use in horticulture industry Mycorrhizae = fungi + plant roots Without With

  10. Lichens = “organisms” formed by close relationship between fungus and single- celled photosynthetic organisms Lichens = Fungi + green alga or cyanobacteria Lichens on a rock Lichens on a tree Algae cell (or cyanobacteria) Hyphae of fungus How does the algae benefit? How does the fungi benefit?

  11. 5. Genetically modified fungi: Biopesticide • GM fungi that produces scorpion venom that will kill the malarial protist

  12. Your professor shows you a picture of fine fibers wrapped around plant roots. From your knowledge of fungi, you are pretty sure that the picture shows… A. a healthy plant B. a diseased plant C. a dead plant D. pili from a fungus

  13. The downside of fungi Chytrid fungus causes infectious disease in frogs

  14. Some fungi are parasites Fungi cause the majority of plant diseases Chestnut blight Dutch elm disease:

  15. The downside of fungi Chytrid fungus causes infectious disease in frogs Fungi cause the majority of plant diseases Dutch elm disease: Chestnut blight

  16. Wheat rust A severe plant disease!!! Hard to kill the wheat rust fungi as it has resistance to pesticides and also two hosts …wheat and barberry plant Migration of wheat rust

  17. Mycosis: fungal disease Mycotoxins: Fungal toxins in general Aflatoxin: Cancer causing toxin Ringworm, vaginal yeast infection, valley fever, athlete’s foot, scalp itch Poisonous mushrooms!!

  18. Current News: Fungal meningitis caused 70 deaths found in sealed steroid vials • Failure to sterilize properly led to deaths in Sept 2012 • Company executives found guilty

  19. The body of a fungus ___ A. Is a large mass below the surface B. Is a large mass above the surface C. Is a mushroom below the surface D. Is a mushroom above the surface

  20. Fungal Body Structure

  21. Fungal Reproduction: All about spores

  22. Reproduction terms DIPLOID = _____ sets of chromosomes; Denoted by the letter 2n HAPLOID = ______ set of chromosome. Denoted by the letter n Examples: eggs and sperm, or spores MITOSIS: Type of cell division in which the chromosome number is ______ MEIOSIS: Type of cell division in which the chromosome number is ____

  23. Human life cycle

  24. Fungal reproduction terms • Diploid zygote • Haploid spore • Nuclear fusion • Cytoplasmic fusion • Dikaryotic stage • Mitosis • Meiosis

  25. Most fungi can reproduce sexually & asexually Both involve production of spores (spores grow directly into fungi) Dikaryotic stage (n+n) Mycelium (n) Zygote (2n) Sexual Asexual Reproduction mitosis Mycelium (n) Reproduction meiosis Spores (n) Spores (n)

  26. What is labeled as #1 in the figure? Mushroom A. Haploid spores B. Diploid spores C. Haploid hyphae D. Dipolid hyphae #1 Mycelium

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