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Problem Solving

Problem Solving. Problem Solving. Critical Thinking enables a person to solve problems and make decisions. Therefore - Problem solving and decision making are practical application of critical thinking skills. Problem Solving.

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Problem Solving

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  1. Problem Solving

  2. Problem Solving • Critical Thinking enables a person to solve problems and make decisions. Therefore - • Problem solving and decision making are practical application of critical thinking skills

  3. Problem Solving • Problem Solving is a systematic process leading to the achievement of outcomes • The ability to solve problems effectively contributes to the delivery of safe, competent nursing care.

  4. Problem • Definition: Problem • [Webster} “ a question raised for inquiry, consideration, discussion, decision, or solution” • Something “difficult to solve or decide” • Problems can be related to: patients, coworkers, mechanical breakdown, or personal issues.

  5. Problem Solving • Involves identifying the problem and making choices • Essential to the delivery of competent nursing care.

  6. Problem SolvingNursing Process Style • Problem solving is a generic process that can be applied to any problem. • Nursing Process differs from generic problem solving in that it is patient centered

  7. Problem-SolvingNursing Process Style • The problem solving process is the foundation of the nursing process • For nursing practice, problem solving is presented in a nursing process format

  8. Problem SolvingNursing Process Style • Decision Making is a step in the problem-solving process and is the process of choosing among alternatives

  9. Problem SolvingNursing Process Style Steps in the Problem-Solving Process

  10. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Assessment- the existence of a problem must be recognized • Data should be collected, compiled, and organized

  11. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Analysis– problem should be identified and defined clearly • Ask questions: Who? What is the problem? Why do you think that there is a problem? • Determine priority of the problem

  12. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Develop a list of possible strategies • Focus on a range of solutions before selecting the best one • Be creative!

  13. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Outcome Identification – • clear, concise idea of the desired destination • Measurable • Positive and negative outcomes must be determined

  14. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Plan – select the alternative that has the best chance of success and the least undesirable outcome. • Know your resources: patient’s chart, nsg. Texts, medication books, P&P books, individuals with expertise. • Identify actions/determine priority • Make decision

  15. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Implementation – of the chosen solution • If actions have been delegated to personnel, clear and thorough direction must be given. • In addition to delegation, this may require performing nursing actions to achieve the est. goals

  16. Steps in the Problem-Solving Process • Evaluation • Changes may occur in the problem that necessitate immediate revisions • Compare the results obtained with the desired outcome

  17. Problem Solving Strategies • Do it yourself • Influence others • Assign someone • Do nothing

  18. Problem Solving Strategies • Do it yourself • The problem solver should evaluate his/her capabilities and expertise and determine whether this is the preferred option

  19. Problem Solving Strategies • Influence Others • Allow the person owning the problem to solve it • Eg. Conflict between 2 employees: The nurse manager may bring the parties together to discuss their issues • Interpersonal skills may be used to assist in conflict resolution, but the employees would be allowed to work out their own solution.

  20. Problem Solving Strategies • Assign someone – • Delegation is the “transferring to a competent individual the authority to perform a selected nursing task in a selected situation.”

  21. Problem Solving Strategies • Do Nothing • Often a problem will subside on its own • The problem solver should recognize when a problem has the potential to resolve by itself and should consider making a conscious effort not to intervene

  22. Problem Solving Strategies • Combine knowledge • Consultation, collaboration with an expert • Talking through the situation

  23. Pitfalls in Problem-Solving • Failure to clearly identify the real problem • Failure to eliminate preconceived ideas in the identification of solutions • Failure to communicate • Failure to follow up • Failure to use appropriate resources

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