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This overview highlights two landmark Supreme Court cases: Brown v. Board of Education and Miranda v. Arizona. The Equal Protection Clause requires states to provide equal protection under the law to all individuals, serving as the foundation for dismantling racial segregation in the U.S. Miranda established that defendants must be informed of their rights before police questioning. Both cases underscore crucial legal protections that shape individual rights and state responsibilities, reinforcing the principles of justice and equality.
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AP Government 2001 Glenn deMarrais
A. Brown vs. Board of Education • Provision: Equal protection Clause • Significance: required each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. This clause was the basis for the Supreme Court decision which precipitated the dismantling of racial segregation in the United States.
B. Miranda vs. Arizona • Provisions: “Privileges and Immunities,” “Equal protection of the law.” • Significance: statements made in response to interrogation by a defendant in police custody will be admissible at trial only if the prosecution can show that the defendant was informed of the right to consult with an attorney before and during questioning and of the right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police, and that the defendant not only understood these rights, but voluntarily waived them.
