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Understanding the Separation of Powers and Federalism in U.S. Government

This overview explores the principles of the separation of powers and federalism in the U.S. government. Each branch—Legislative, Executive, and Judicial—exercises distinct powers to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful. Congress manages finances, the President oversees the military, and the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional. Additionally, federalism divides powers between national and state governments, allowing states to manage areas like education while the federal government handles national defense and foreign affairs. Key functions and shared responsibilities are also highlighted.

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Understanding the Separation of Powers and Federalism in U.S. Government

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Limiting the power

  2. Separation of Powers • Each branch has separate powers • For example: • Congress controls the money • The President controls the military • The Supreme Court can cancel a bad law (one that goes against the Constitution)

  3. Checks and Balances • Congress: • can impeach president • controls budget • approves nominations • can override veto LEGISLATIVE BRANCH EXECUTIVE BRANCH Court can declare laws unconstitutional President can veto bills President nominates judges • Congress: • can impeach • judges • Senate confirms • nominations Court can declare presidential acts unconstitutional JUDICIAL BRANCH

  4. Federalism • The division or splitting of power between the federal government and the state governments POWER POWER STATE GOVERNMENTS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

  5. Federalism • Federalism allows each state to take care of some things in their own way: • For example: Education • Other things, like national defense, are in the hands of the federal (national) government. • Some functions of government are shared (taxes, law enforcement, banks)

  6. Shared Powers Federal Powers State Powers • National defense • Regulate trade • Foreign affairs • Set up Federal courts • Public education • Conduct elections • Regulate trade within the state • Enforce the laws • Establish courts • Collect taxes • Borrow money • General welfare

  7. Limiting the power of government

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