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1. Understanding and Preventing Modern Forms of Violence29 May 2014, 10:00 am EST/16h UTCLearning Network on Capacity Development (LenCD)in collaboration with The World Bank Institute

2. Tips for participating in the Webinar Participants • You should be able to see and hear the presenter and discussant. • Please type questions into the “chat” box . The moderator, who will be off camera, will collect them and pose them to the presenter and the discussant. • The entire event including text chat will be recorded and archived. Webinar Video • A recording will be placed on the LenCD website after the event and you will be able to leave questions and comments there. The presenters will respond to questions left within one week of the event.

3. Agenda • Welcome and Introductions • Background • Course Outline • Modern Forms of Violence • Q&A

4. Welcome and Introductions • LenCD is an informal and open Learning Network on Capacity Development, active since 2004 • LenCD aims to promote and facilitate sharing of lessons and learning on capacity development and promote changes for better CD practice at the global, regional and local levels. • Disclaimer: Individual webinars are organized and hosted by LenCD partners. LenCD does not endorse any specific views expressed by presenters but facilitates that knowledge “gets around”. Knowledge items from these webinars are featured at www.LenCD.org • WBI is a global connector of knowledge, learning and innovation for poverty reduction. • Barbara Friday • Rea AbadaChiongson

5. Background 2011 World Development Report “Conflict, Security and Development” 4 Module E-course created

6. Course Outline • Understanding Modern Forms of Violence and Fragility • Escaping Fragility • International Support Forms and Impacts of Violence Drivers of Violence and Fragility Challenges and Approaches Ways and Means of Reform • Module One • Overview • Nature of Violence & Fragility • Module Two Module Three • DevelopingResilience Restoring Confidence Transforming Institutions Module Four International Support

7. How is Violence Changing? • Conflicts between states are less common • Non-state actors • Battlefield deaths • Urban violence • Regional spillovers remain challenging • Great Lakes • Burma/Thailand • Violence often reflects social divides

8. How is Violence Changing? • Organized crime is the largest contributor to violent killings • Intentional homicide accounts for far more lives lost than wars or conflict • Violence tends to exist in multiple forms • Trafficking: drugs, weapons, people, timber • Gangs • Political contests • Local conflicts • Transnational ideological

9. What are the Drivers?

10. What are the Impacts? Mass Displacement Lower MDG targets While 20% of fragile countries met the target to halve extreme hunger and poverty A child in a conflict affected state is twice as likely to be undernourished as a child in a developing country • Mass displacement • Nearly 3mm refugees have fled Syria and 6.5 mm are internally displaced • Non-IDPs flee mainly to neighboring poor countries

11. How to Escape Fragility? Restoring Confidence Strengthening Institutions

12. How to Escape Fragility?Restoring Confidence • Nationally owned solutions • Reconstructing social compact between governors/governed • Building trust • Creating Inclusive multi-stakeholder coalitions

13. How to Escape Fragility?Restoring Confidence • Delivering early results • Colombia • Reaching remote populations • Signaling state reach • Increasing transparency • Liberia Open Budget Initiative • Citizen Guide to the state budget • Public electronic billboard on state revenues and expenditures

14. How to Escape Fragility?Strengthening Institutions • Citizen security and safety • Security and development • Restoring basic justice • Rwanda • Creating jobs and enabling environment • Rebuilding basic infrastructure

15. How to Escape Fragility?Strengthening Institutions • Focus on vocational and agricultural livelihoods and engage youth • Northern Uganda vocational training, life skills and counseling reduced aggression • Liberian agricultural livelihoods for high risk youth reduced illegal activities • Dominican Republic vocational and life skills training reduced gang involvement and delayed teen pregnancy • Employ ex-combatants • Aceh: targeted aid to ex-combatants and political prisoners • Increased employment • Diminished poverty • Transitions take time

16. An Example from Papua New GuineaOK Tedi - A Pioneering Experience for Women Prior to the 2007 CMCA negotiations, decisions were purely made by male leaders without any input from women or their representatives. The 2006/07 negotiation involved two women leaders, Ms. Ume Wainetti and Reverend Anna Bisai, who represented women and children. Although challenging, the 2007 CMCAs achieved 3 significant “firsts” as far women’s representation is concerned. • Set aside of 10 percent of negotiated mine benefits for women and children (women and children’s funds) • Women’s participation in decision-making process on the use of development funds and investments. • CMCA women’s right to be represented on Village Planning Committees (VPC), the CMCA Association and the OTD Board.

17. An Example from Papua New GuineaTwo Negotiations, Two Outcomes 2006/07 MLE and women 2012 MLE and women 30 Western Province women leaders 3 from each of the 8 Trusts (24) and 6 from theMine Villages Male leaders recognized women’s important roles Negotiated outcomes: Set asides ranging from 10 percent to 18.24 percent. 2 prominent Western Province women leaders Male leadership resisted from the outset. Negotiated outcomes: • Recognition of women’s participation in the decision-making process and governance structures; and • 10 percent set aside for projects and investments for women and children.

18. An Example from Papua New GuineaImplications for the Future Conclusions • Higher levels of education attainment enhances women’s leadership roles • Level of preparedness and relationship building are conducive to effective negotiations. • Changes in attitudes and mindsets are happening, but pace is not fast enough. • Implementation of 2006/07 CMCA remains a challenge. What made the difference in 2012? Negotiating strategies: What additional strategies did women use? • Collaboration amongst themselves • Evidence and demonstration of community-wide benefits • Securing male advocates Preparation: What additional measures were taken to enhance women’s effective participation: • Independent National Facilitators • Nationally Recognized Independent External Observers

19. International SupportWhat are the FCS Doing? • Creating a big deal • g7+ and International Dialogue • New Deal • Advocating for Peacekeeping and Statebuilding Goals, PSGs • Inclusive politics • Security • Justice • Economic Foundations • Revenue and Services • Piloting new analytical tools, indicators and frameworks

20. How can International Actors Better Support FCS? • Support locally driven reforms • Prioritize security, justice and jobs • Make funding flows more predictable • Adapt procedures to FCS circumstances • Increase coordination • Mitigate external risks • Focus on prevention

21. Information about the Course:What are Upcoming Course Dates? Course will be available June 9 – June 27 Self Paced with facilitated discussions Contact: Seth Ayers – sayers@worldbank.org Barbara Friday – bfriday@worldbank.org

22. Information about the Course:What are the Course Elements? • Narrated Presentation • Required Readings • Case Studies • Discussions on Key Issues • Quizzes • Videos

23. Information about the Course:Who has Participated?

24. Participants Survey • We would greatly appreciate a few minutes of your time to find out what you thought of today’s webinar and how we can make future webinars better. Please leave comments at: • https://www.research.net/s/MSMTS38

25. Violence, Conflict and Fragility • Thank you! • Questions?