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The Republic of Texas

The Republic of Texas. 1836 - 1845. Chapter 12. Presidents of the Republic of Texas. Sam Houston (1836 - 1838) 1st President of the Republic of Texas. Sam Houston (1841 -1844) 3rd President of the Republic of Texas

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The Republic of Texas

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  1. The Republic of Texas 1836 - 1845 Chapter 12

  2. Presidents of the Republic of Texas • Sam Houston (1836 - 1838) • 1st President of the Republic of Texas • Sam Houston(1841 -1844) • 3rd President of the Republic of Texas • TX Constitution did not allow presidents to hold office for consecutive terms • Mirabeau B Lamar (1838 - 1841) • 2nd President of the Republic of Texas • Known as the “Father of Education in Texas” • Dr Anson Jones (1844 - 1846) • 4th and final President of the Republic of Texas • President when Texas became a state of the United States

  3. Sam Houston (1836 - 1838) • Problems Houston faced during his first term: • Death of Stephen F Austin (Dec 27, 1836) • Annexation • Relations with Mexico/ Texas Military • Native Americans • Finances • The Texas Capital

  4. Annexation • Most Texans wanted annexation to the United States • Houston worked hard for annexation • United States said NO to annexation because of the issues of slavery, relations with Mexico, and Texas debt

  5. Mexico refused to recognize Texas’ Independence Houston did not want war with Mexico. Houston tried replacing the commander of the army, Felix Huston, because Huston supported attacking Mexico. Houston solved the problem by sending all but 600 soldiers home Relations with Mexico

  6. Houston worked to maintain peace with Native Americans through treaties and legal land grants Congress did not support Houston Sent Texas Rangers to protect settlers on the frontier Native Americans

  7. Texas was in financial trouble- Major debt! Spend less Raise property taxes More customs duties Issue promissory notes Texas debt rose to $2 million Finances

  8. The Texas Capital • Sam Houston moved the Texas Capital from Columbia to Houston

  9. Mirabeau B Lamar(1838 - 1841) • Problems Lamar faces as 2nd President of the Republic of Texas • Annexation • Relations with Mexico • Native Americans • Finances • The Texas Capital • Education

  10. Annexation • Lamar was against annexation • He wanted Texas to remain independent • Lamar dreamed of expanding Texas’s territory all the way to the Pacific Ocean

  11. Lamar sent the new Texas Navy to help Yucatecan rebels fight Mexico Lamar organized the Santa Fe Expedition Army sent to convince New Mexico that it was part of Texas The failure of the Santa Fe Expedition ended Lamar’s dream of expanding Texas Relations with Mexico

  12. Lamar wanted to kill or drive all Native Americans out of Texas using the Texas army Battle of the Neches: 100 Cherokees killed including Chief Bowles for not leaving their land Council House Fight: Comanche chiefs killed when they came to peace talks in San Antonio Battle of Plum Creek: 100 Comanches killed in ambush after a large raid on Anglo settlements Native Americans

  13. Issued more promissory notes called “red backs” Offered land to families moving to Texas Debt rose to almost $7 million Finances

  14. The Texas Capital • Moved the capital to Waterloo, present-day Austin • Renamed in honor of Stephen F. Austin

  15. Education • Lamar is best known for his contributions to public education • He set aside land in each county for public schools (18,000 acres/ county) • Set aside 288,000 acres for two universities (Which two?)

  16. Sam Houston(1841 - 1844) • Texas would again try to join the United States • Houston would work to improve relations with Native Americans • Houston would cut spending and sell the Texas Navy

  17. New Problems with Mexico • Mexico invaded Texas twice during 1842 and captured San Antonio each time • Houston sent Texas army to protect the border • Some troops disobeyed orders and attacked Mexico; this was called the Mier Expedition • The Texans soldiers were captured and some were executed in the Drawing of the Black Beans

  18. The Texas Capital • Sam Houston wanted to move the capital back to Houston • Angelina Eberly and the citizens of Austin wanted the capital to stay • In the Archives War Austin residents shot at Houston’s men who came to take the state archives • The capital stayed in Austin

  19. Dr Anson Jones(1844 - 1846) • Jones followed most of Houston’s policies including pushing for annexation • While Jones was president, Texas was annexed by the United States through a joint resolution in Congress • Texas became the 28th state

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