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Landscape maintenance

Landscape maintenance. Regular maintenance. Soil maintenance pH and nutrient testing & maintenance Amending Weed control Plant maintenance Irrigation Mulching Pest control (insects, disease, other organisms) Pruning. Landscape tools. Weed control. Chemical control

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Landscape maintenance

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  1. Landscape maintenance

  2. Regular maintenance • Soil maintenance • pH and nutrient testing & maintenance • Amending • Weed control • Plant maintenance • Irrigation • Mulching • Pest control (insects, disease, other organisms) • Pruning

  3. Landscape tools

  4. Weed control • Chemical control • Pre-emergent vs. post-emergence • Selective vs. nonselective

  5. Weed control • Hand weeding • Landscape fabric • Mulch

  6. Irrigation • Water supply to a plant • Limited by root system • Improve soil drainage, reduce soil compaction to improve root growth • Avg. soil absorbs 3/8” water per hour • Slow, less-frequent deep watering better than frequent shallow watering • Soaker hose • Drip irrigation • Basin watering (berm)

  7. Irrigation

  8. Irrigation • Hand watering • Sprinkler irrigation • Good for lawns, densely planted beds • Wastes water (evaporation, unplanted areas) • Can promote foliar diseases • Fixed heads/risers • Portable heads • Drip/trickle irrigation • Reduces water usage by >50% • Can apply fertilizers • Nozzles, pipes can clog

  9. Irrigation • Mulching/ground covers reduces frequent watering needs • Standard 1/2” residential pipe can handle one irrigation head (install ¾”-1” piping if plan to irrigate) • Generally need 1” water per week • Lawns 1” per week • Woody plants 3-4” total every 4 weeks • Newly transplanted woody plants need to be watered weekly (1st year), every 2 weeks (2nd year)

  10. Garden pests

  11. Pest control • Choose plants with minimal pest problems • Insect pests are often vectors for disease • Chemical control • Contact poisons vs. systemic pesticides • Synthetic vs. organic

  12. Biological pest control • Gardens Alive • Home Harvest

  13. Pruning • Removal of excessive & undesirable growth

  14. Why prune? • Sanitation • Broken branches & dead tissue • Diseased parts • Opening canopy • Increase air flow; reduce humidity • Increase penetration of sprays • Removal of undergrowth for appearance and fire prevention • Stimulate new, vigorous growth

  15. Why prune? • Aesthetics • Shape • Formal hedges • Topiary

  16. Espalier

  17. Vase-shaped trees

  18. Pollarding

  19. Why prune? • Enhance reproduction • Yield enhancement • Fruiting shoots vs. non-fruiting shoots • Increase flower size • Fruit distribution, size, sugar content uniformity • Access to fruit

  20. Why prune? • Manipulate physiology • Pre-transplant root pruning • Shoot tip pruning to promote branching • Stimulate new growth on older plants Dwarfing • Bonsai

  21. Pruning tools • Saws • Shears • Hand pruners • Loppers • Pole pruners • Bypass vs. anvil

  22. Pruning tools • Sanitation • Branch size and pruner damage • Hand pruners (< 1/2 inch dia.) • Loppers (< 2 inch dia.) • Maintain sharp tools • Clean cuts heal faster

  23. Pruning principles • Cutting is irreversible • Breaking apical dominance changes form of plant • Pruning invigorates regrowth • Pruning can direct growth • Timing of pruning is critical • Spring flowers develop on previous season’s growth • Summer and fall flowers develop on current season’s growth

  24. Pruning techniques

  25. Prune inward growing branches

  26. Pruning for outward growth

  27. Prune rubbing branches

  28. Included bark

  29. Crotch angles

  30. Trees with central leaders • Standard form

  31. Pruning Multiple leaders

  32. Removing the central leader

  33. Branched head standard

  34. Multistemed tree form

  35. Drop crotching – controlling height

  36. Pruning cuts

  37. Pruning branches • Cut at 900 angle • Cut in stages

  38. Pruning large branches

  39. Pruning pines – pinching candles

  40. Pruning shrubs • Heading back

  41. Thinning

  42. Renewal pruning (gradual renovation)

  43. Coppice for color

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