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Liquid Scintillator R&D for RENO

Liquid Scintillator R&D for RENO. Lee, Jaison For RENO Collaboration. Contents. Introduction RENO Detector Liquid Scintillator Formulation Gd Loaded LS Long Term Stability Radiopurity LS Purification and Handling System Summary. Introduction.

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Liquid Scintillator R&D for RENO

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  1. Liquid Scintillator R&D for RENO Lee, Jaison For RENO Collaboration KPS@JEJU

  2. Contents • Introduction • RENO Detector • Liquid Scintillator Formulation • Gd Loaded LS • Long Term Stability • Radiopurity • LS Purification and Handling System • Summary KPS@JEJU

  3. Introduction • General Compositions of Liquid Scintillator (LS) • Other Experiments • KamLAND : PC(20%)+Dodecane(80%)+PPO • Palo Verde : PC(40%)+M.O.(60%)+PPO+bis-MSB+Gd KPS@JEJU

  4. Introduction • Anti-neutrino Target (Gd loaded) - Light Yield ↑ : Good Scintillating Material - Attenuation Length ↑ : Transparency ↑ - Stability ↑ : Compatible with Acryl Vessel - # of free Proton↑ : H/C ↑ - Systematic error ↓ : Well understanding mono-molecule , Radiopurities ↓ • Gamma Catcher • - Light Yield ↑ : Good Scintillating Material • - Attenuation Length ↑ : Transparency↑ - Stability ↑ : Compatible Acryl Vessel • - Systematic error ↓ : Radiopurities ↓ KPS@JEJU

  5. Introduction • Liquid Scintillator R&D에서 수행하는 사항들: - 구성물질의 조합과 배합 비율 결정 - 빛 방출량 측정 - 투광도 및 흡광도 측정 - purification system - 주기적 측정에 의한 장기적 안정성 검사 - 변색 여부 검사 - 아크릴의 거부 반응 여부 • INR/IPCE 러시아 그룹(Gd powder 생산)과 공동연구: 2회 방문연구 수행 KPS@JEJU

  6. PMT surface 1m 0.7m 0.6m 1.4m 1.6m 0.177m Target g-catcher buffer veto RENO Detector • Target : LS + Gd (0.1%) • Gamma Catcher : LS • Buffer : M.O. • Veto : Water KPS@JEJU

  7. 여러 solvent에 대한 일반적 성질 KPS@JEJU

  8. PC/PXE + Dodecane 의 대용으로 LAB 사용 가능성 연구 CnH2n+1-C6H5 (n=10~14) PC와 Mineral oil/Dodecane 대용으로 사용할 수 있는 LAB(Linear Alkylbenzene)의 분자 구조식 Light yield measurement • High Light Yield : not likely Mineral oil(MO) • replace MO and even Pseudocume(PC) probably • Good transparency: better than PC • High Flash point : 147oC (PC : 48oC) • Environmentally friendly (PC : toxic) • Components well known, Mineral Oil : not well known • Domestically available: Isu Chemical Ltd. PC100% LAB100% PC40% PC20% LAB100% PC20% N2 LAB60% LAB80% MO80% KPS@JEJU

  9. PPO Concentration RENO 측정(LAB100) 1g PPO 2g PPO 3g PPO 4g PPO 5g PPO 6g PPO 7g PPO 10g PPO 20g PPO • Purified LAB(100) + varying PPO • PPO 3g/l 일 때, LY saturation LAB100 + PPO3g/l • PC보다 PPO가 잘 녹지는 않는다 KPS@JEJU

  10. Baseline: LAB100PPO3g/l + varying bis-MSB bis-MSB Concentration 0mg/l 10mg/l 20mg/l 30mg/l 40mg/l 50mg/l 60mg/l 100mgl 200mg/l 1/100 1/15 • bis-MSB양 증가에 따른 LY 최적값을 찾을 수 있다 • LAB100+PPO3g/l+bis-MSB30mg/l • 60mg이 넘어가면, solubility가 나빠짐 KPS@JEJU

  11. Russia 에서 제작한 GdR3 Gd Loaded LS + LS는 solvent로 유기 용액을 사용. Gd 자체는 유기 용액에 loading 이 안됨. + GdR3로 제작해서 사용. R = 2MVA (2 Metyl Valeric Acid) Russia Group 에서 제작하기로 함. + 제작 순서가 중요. 1. GdR3 + stabilizer : 잘 섞일 때 까지 흔들어줌. 2. Solvent 를 전체 제작 분량에 10% 정도 넣어서 다 녹임 : magnetic stirring 필요 3. 다 녹아서 투명해진 것이 확인 되면 나머지 Solvent를 넣는다. 주의 : Solvent 를 먼저 넣으면 Gd Loading 이 안 된다. + 적정을 하여 Gd의 농도를 정확히 측정할 수 있다. ( 0.1% ) KPS@JEJU

  12. Long Term Stability of GdLS • Samples for long term stability LT 1 : PC100 + 2TOPO + Gd0.1% LT 2 : PC100 + 3HR + Gd0.1% LT 3 : PC100 + 0.1MTBP + Gd0.1% LT 5 : PC20 + dod80 + 2TOPO + Gd0.1% LT 6 : PC20 + dod80 + 3HR + Gd0.1% LT 9 : LAB100 + 2TOPO + Gd0.1% LT10 : LAB100 + 3TOPO + Gd0.1% LT13 : LAB100 + 2TOPO + Gd0.2% LT14 : LAB100 + 3TOPO + Gd0.2% etc… - This test are on going. KPS@JEJU

  13. Radiopurity of LS • Gd-LS의 Radiopurity Level은 매우 중요함 • Systematic Uncertainty에 직접적인 영향을 줌 • Sensitivity에 영향을 줌 • Raidopurity 조건 : ~ 1 Hz정도의 single rate • 초 미량의 Radiopurity 측정은 매우 어려움 • 측정 radio-active material  232Th, 238U, 40K • 측정 방법  ICP-MS, NAA, HP-Ge, etc,. • 측정 분해능  일반적인 측정기기는 분해능이 낮음 • 측정 장소 국내 및 국외 측정 가능한 모든 곳을 고려 KPS@JEJU

  14. Radiopurity of LS Detection Limit Th, U < 0.1 ppb (10-10g/g) • >10-12g/g of radioactivity is required for reducing accidental background. • Now we are measuring radioactivity of LS using ICP-MS at Russia and Japan. • If necessary, LS will be purified further by special methods. • (e.g. water extraction) KPS@JEJU

  15. 200L 1~2 L/min LS P W.E. 200L P GdLS N2 200L pump P P MO micro filter flow meter mass flow meter valve Schematic Design for LS Purification and Handling System Detector KPS@JEJU

  16. Wing tunnel LS 공간 진입터널 Control room LS Handling System in Tunnel KPS@JEJU

  17. Summary • We are doing LS R&D for RENO. • The composition of LS has been optimized. • Gd is successfully loaded to LS, and its concentration can be measured by titration. • We decided the LS formulation for Mockup detector. • We continue to test the long tem stability of LS. • We are designing the LS purification and handling system. • We are going to adapt the results of R&D to Mockup. KPS@JEJU

  18. Back Up KPS@JEJU

  19. 공대정 LAB Component with GC-MS n=12 n=13 CnH2n+1-C6H5 (n=10~14) n=11 n=10 KPS@JEJU

  20. Performance of Gd in PC & LAB Light output spectra Absorption spectra w/o Gd 100% 82% 96% • LAB has lower optical absorption, better attenuation length • 100% LAB and PC have similar light outputs • We got similar results with BNL & Daya Bay experiment KPS@JEJU

  21. Gd 적정 방법 적정용 뷰렛 Buffer solution EDTA 지시약 적정 전의 색 끝났을 때의 색 + 필요한 물품 : 비커, 증류수, GdLS, indicator, buffer solution, EDTA, 적정용 뷰렛 Indicator (Xylenol Orange): 보라색-> 노란색으로 변함 Buffer solution: 수소이온 농도를 일정하게 유지하려고 하는 용액 EDTA (EthyleneDiamineTetraAcetic acid): Gd와 높은 반응성 1. 비커에 증류수를 20ml 가량 넣는다. 2. GdLS를 2ml 넣는다. 3. Buffer solution 2ml + indicator 4 drop : 비커에 담긴 용액이 엷은 보라색을 띈다. 4. 용액의 색이 노란색으로 변할 때까지 EDTA 추가 VEDTA * CEDTA = VGdLS * CGdLS KPS@JEJU

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