Accommodating Global Policies and User Preferences in Computer Supported Collaborative Systems

1. Accommodating Global Policies andUser Preferences in Computer Supported Collaborative Systems Student: Helmuth Trefftz Advisors: Prof. Rick Mammone Prof. Ivan Marsic Rutgers University April, 2001

2. Motivation Related Work Thesis Statement Experimental Setup Mathematical Model Preliminary Results Future Work Conclusions Agenda

3. We are multi-modal Motivation (1)

4. We are multi-modal We acquire information through multiple modalities (sensory channels): Sight Sound Smell .. Motivation (1)

5. We are multi-modal We acquire information through multiple modalities (sensory channels): : Sight Sound Smell .. Most intense experiences involve multiple modalities (love) Motivation (1)

6. Computer Systems become more and more multimodal: Motivation (2)

7. Computer Systems become more and more multimodal: e-mail, chat Motivation (2)

8. Computer Systems become more and more multimodal: e-mail, chat chat with cartoons (Microsoft) Motivation (2)

9. Computer Systems become more and more multimodal: e-mail, chat chat with cartoons (Microsoft) CuSeeMe Motivation (2)

10. Computer Systems become more and more multimodal: e-mail, chat chat with cartoons (Microsoft) CuSeeMe NetMeeting, Face Mail … Integration of text, voice, video Motivation (2)

11. Face Mail: Input Text + “:- ): Output Synthesized voice Animated character Multiple Info. Rep.! Motivation (2)

12. Multiple levels of information representation Motivation (3)

13. Multiple levels of information representation Some years ago: browsers showed a low-resolution image first, then refined Motivation (3)

14. Multiple levels of information representation Some years ago: browsers showed a low-resolution image first, then refined In Virtual Environments: distant objects are represented with lower Level Of Detail Motivation (3)

15. Multiple levels of information representation Some years ago: browsers showed a low-resolution image first, then refined In Virtual Environments: distant objects are represented with lower Level Of Detail “FaceMail”: you type text, output: voice + avatar Motivation (3)

16. Multiple dimensions of information representation Motivation (4)

17. Multiple dimensions of information representation Text: easier to store, easier to search Motivation (4)

18. Multiple dimensions of information representation Text: easier to store, easier to search Sound: hands-free, ‘warmer’ interaction Motivation (4)

19. Multiple dimensions of information representation Text: easier to store, easier to search Sound: hands-free, ‘warmer’ interaction Text -> Sound: MS Whisper Sound -> Text: IBM Via-voice Motivation (4)

20. Multiple dimensions of information representation (VSI): Company I used to work for. Product: multi-modal representation of information for distance learning. Channels: video + sound + text + animations. Motivation (6)

21. Multiple levels of information representation (VSI) Video + Sound (engaging) Motivation (6)

22. Multiple levels of information representation (VSI) Video + Sound (engaging) Graphics + Animations (concepts) Motivation (6)

23. Multiple levels of information representation (VSI) Video + Sound (engaging) Graphics + Animations (concepts) Text (search) Motivation (6)

24. After months of separate work in video, text, graphics Motivation (6)

25. After months of separate work in video, text, graphics Integrated product was… NOT SMOOTH! Motivation (6)

26. After months of separate work in video, text, graphics Integrated product was… NOT SMOOTH! Elaborate animations made video choke! Motivation (6)

27. Integration: find the appropriate space in a multi-dimensional space: Motivation (6) Video + Audio Graphics

28. Multiple values in each dimension: Motivation (7)

29. Multiple values in each dimension: Video: resolution, frames per second Motivation (7)

30. Multiple values in each dimension: Video: resolution, frames per second Sound: sample resolution, sample rate Motivation (7)

31. Multiple values in each dimension: Video: resolution, frames per second Sound: sample resolution, sample rate In Networked Virtual Environments: update rate Motivation (7)

32. Multiple values in each dimension: Video: resolution, frames per second Sound: sample resolution, sample rate In Networked Virtual Environments: update rate Text: ? Motivation (7)

33. Higher values in each dimension: Motivation (8)

34. Higher values in each dimension: More space to store Motivation (8)

35. Higher values in each dimension: More space to store More CPU cycles to process Motivation (8)

36. Higher values in each dimension: More space to store More CPU cycles to process More bandwidth to transmit Motivation (8)

37. Computers in a Collaborative System Adapted from: http://www.intel.com/intel/museum/25anniv/hof/moore.htm performance i - 1 i i+1 Motivation (9) generation

38. Computers in a Collaborative System: Disparities among consecutive generations will grow larger in: Processor speed Memory Bandwidth Motivation (9)

39. How to cope with these disparities? Motivation (9) Slower computers Faster computers

40. Multiple modalities - multiple dimensions Motivation - Summary

41. Multiple modalities - multiple dimensions Multiple qualities of information representation - multiple points Motivation - Summary

42. Multiple modalities - multiple dimensions Multiple qualities of information representation - multiple points Performance - limits the “valid” hyper space Motivation - Summary

43. CVEs in Distance Education in Colombia Related Work (1)

44. CVEs in Distance Education in Colombia Collaborative Virtual Environment as learning experience Related Work (1)

45. CVEs in Distance Education in Colombia Collaborative Virtual Environment as learning experience AVALON: (Carlos Correa) Multiple modalities: Avatars, VRML worlds, OpenGL Voice: multicast version of “Speak freely” (Francisco Cardona, now at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) ) Related Work (1)

46. CVEs in Distance Education in Colombia Used in a real learning environment (Environmental Issues class at Eafit University). Improvement in learning measured with the “Teaching for Understanding” model (Harvard) Related Work (1)

47. Michael Macedonia - Ph.D. thesis (1995) Partition the space in hexagonal spaces Each hexagonal space is a multicast group Implemented in DIS (Distributed Interactive Simulation) and SIMNET (Simulator Networking) Read Thesis Statement Related Work (2)

48. Thesis Statement: “Virtual environment software architectures can exploit wide area multicasting communications and entity relationships to partition the virtual world and enable the development of scalable distributed interactive simulations for military projects”. (Michael Macedonia, 1995) Related Work (2)

49. Michael Capps - Ph.D. thesis (2000) Have multiple representations for each object Define which representation to use based on: Quality Importance Cost Related Work (3)

50. “It is possible to express global policies and individual users’preferences in collaborative multimodal systems as a formal mathematical model. Solving this mathematical model, which includes performance measurements taken at each participating node, guarantees enforcement of the policies while allowing individual users to adjust their interaction with the system.” Our Thesis Statement