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Introduction in IEC 61131-3

Introduction in IEC 61131-3. Check also the notes coupled to each slide for further explanation. PLCopen TC1 : Standards links to IEC 61131-3 Harmonizing the way people look to control. the future is here. Fiction?. Imagine * you are in industrial control

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Introduction in IEC 61131-3

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  1. Introduction in IEC 61131-3 Check also the notes coupled to each slide for further explanation

  2. PLCopen TC1 : Standards links to IEC 61131-3Harmonizing the way people look to control the future is here

  3. Fiction? Imagine * you are in industrial control * working with 4 different brands of controls * using different dialects in their programming languages * struggling to match the level of your software engineers with the operators and maintenance people on the factory floor * & seeing that your competitor does better Why? What’s wrong ?

  4. Out of the jungle The current variety of problems can be vastly reduced via standardization ... and such a standard is available

  5. IEC 61131-3 “The best thing that happened to industrial control” Sugar Lantic on Automation Maillist

  6. The 9 parts of the IEC 61131 Standard

  7. IEC 1131 versus IEC 61131 • The good news is – there is no difference • It is an international harmonization of all the IEC standards and the localized versions

  8. IEC 61131-3 Programming languages /Industrial Control Programming Standardizing the way people work with controls

  9. IEC 61131-3 Programming languages /Industrial Control Programming ...with support for people with different backgrounds

  10. Common Elements Programming Languages The IEC 61131-3 Standard

  11. What is this? 01010101 10101010 IEC 61131-3 : Common ElementsVariables & Data Types • Historically • Reference to a physical memory location • Reference to a physical Input

  12. IEC 61131-3 : Common ElementsVariables & Data types • Temperature_Sensor_1 : Integer • Symbolic representation via labels • Restricted area for I/O mapping • Hardware independent software code • Result: higher transparency & readability • And less errors

  13. IEC 61131-3 : Common Elements Software Model • Configuration • Resources • Tasks

  14. IEC 61131-3 Software Model Configuration Communication Function

  15. IEC 61131-3 Software Model Configuration Resource Resource Communication Function

  16. Configuration Resource Resource Task Task Task Task IEC 61131-3 Software Model Communication Function

  17. Configuration Resource Resource Task Task Task Task Program Program Program Program Communication Function IEC 61131-3 Software Model Execution control path

  18. Configuration Variable access path Resource Resource Task Task Task Task FB Function Block Program Program Program Program Variable FB FB FB FB Global and direct variables Execution control path Access path Communication Function IEC 61131-3 Software Model

  19. Configuration Variable access path Resource Resource Task Task Task Task FB Function Block Program Program Program Program Variable FB FB FB FB Global and direct variables Execution control path Access path Communication Function IEC 61131-3 vs conventional PLC

  20. Endless Loop: Resource Task Read inputs Do Calculations Set Outputs Program Conventional PLC vs IEC 61131-3 Task 1 Time based Task 2 Events based Task 3 Events based Task 4 Time based

  21. DCS PC based Control PLCs SoftLogic LON nodes Embedded Drives Common Elements: Tasks IEC 61131-3

  22. RPM =2000 Common Elements : Tasks & Datatypes Multi –functional Operator Panel Windows CE or any other IEC 61131-3 tasks SCADA & HMI tasks I/O Communication tasks OPC UA I/O Communication bus

  23. IEC 61131-3 : Common Elements • COMMON ELEMENTS • a.o. • Data Types & Variables • Configuration, Resources, Tasks • Programming Organization Units, POUs • Functions • Function Blocks • Programs

  24. Functions ….. * Standard functions ADD, SQRT, SIN, COS, GT, MIN, MAX, AND, OR, etc. * Your own defined functions: FUNCTION SIMPLE_FUN : REAL VAR_INPUT A, B : REAL; C : REAL := 1.0; END_VAR SIMPLE_FUN := A*B/C; END FUNCTION

  25. Hysterisis REAL XIN1 BOOL Q XIN2 REAL EPS REAL …. & Function Blocks • Standard Function Blocks

  26. Hysterisis REAL XIN1 BOOL Q XIN2 REAL EPS REAL …. & Function Blocks • Standard Function Blocks • Additional supplied Function Blocks

  27. Hysterisis REAL XIN1 BOOL Q XIN2 REAL EPS REAL …. & Function Blocks • Standard Function Blocks • Additional supplied Function Blocks • Your own defined Function Blocks

  28. Hysterisis REAL XIN1 BOOL Q XIN2 REAL EPS REAL …. & Function Blocks • Standard Function Blocks • Additional supplied Function Blocks • Your own defined Function Blocks • All FBs are highly re-usable in same program, different programs or project

  29. Hysterisis REAL XIN1 BOOL Q XIN2 REAL EPS REAL Q 1 0 EPS EPS XIN2 Function Block example

  30. FUNCTION_BLOCK HYSTERISIS VAR_INPUT XIN1, XIN2 : REAL; EPS : REAL; (* Hysterisis band *) END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT Q : BOOL := 0 END_VAR IF Q THEN IF XIN1 < (XIN2-EPS) THEN Q := 0 (* XIN1 decreasing *) END_IF; ELSIF XIN1 > (XIN2 + EPS ) THEN Q := 1; (* XIN1 increasing *) END_IF; END_FUNCTION_BLOCK Hysterisis REAL XIN1 BOOL Q XIN2 REAL EPS REAL Q 1 0 EPS EPS XIN2 Function Block example

  31. Start : BOOL; Emergency : BOOL; Limit : INT; Automation application INPUT EXTERNAL OUTPUT IN_OUT FUNCTION_BLOCK PROGRAM Type Local Type Local GLOBAL INPUT FUNCTION Type Local Programs : design via building bricks

  32. Structure & Advantages of POUs • Create own Function Block Libraries (per application area) • FBs are tested and documented • Make libraries (world wide) accessible • Re-use as much as possible • Change programming to creating networks of FBs • Save 40% on next project

  33. Step 1 N FILL Transition 1 Step 2 S Empty Transition 2 Step 3 Sequential Function Chart, SFC • Powerful graphical technique for describing the sequential behavior of a control program • Used to partition a control problem • Shows overview, also suitable for rapid diagnostics

  34. Step 1 N FILL Transition 1 Step 2 S Empty Transition 2 Step 3 Sequential Function Chart, SFC • Powerful graphical technique for describing the sequential behaviour of a control program • Used to partition a control problem • Shows overview, also suitable for rapid diagnostics • The basic elements are STEPS with ACTION BLOCKS and TRANSITIONS • Support for alternative and parallel sequences

  35. Step 1 N FILL Transition 1a Transition 1b Step 2 b S Empty Transition 2a Transition 2b Step 3 SFC : alternative sequences Step 2 a S Empty

  36. Common Elements Programming Languages The IEC 61131-3 Standard

  37. LD A ANDN B ST C C:= A AND NOT B A B C -| |--|/|----------------( ) AND A C B The IEC 61131-3 Programming Languages Instruction List Structured Text Function Block Diagram Ladder Diagram

  38. Top Down Common Elements Programming Languages Bottom Up The IEC 61131-3 Standard

  39. IEC Programming Environments Many of them offer: • graphical programming screens • support for multiple windows • mouse operation • pull-down menus • built-in hypertext help function • software verification during design

  40. What are the benefits ?

  41. Discrete Mnf Process cntrl System Integrator YOU ?? Education Programming Maintenance Installation Users? Which Users?

  42. Users? Which Users? • Automobile production lines • Water treatment plant • Food processing and packaging machinery • Cable manufacturing • Semi-conductor clean room automation • Theme-park roller coasters • Nuclear waste treatment plant This wide range encompass different skills

  43. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy)

  44. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy) Creating a focus to problem solving via software re-usability (reduced application investment and supplier dependency)

  45. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy) • Creating a focus to problem solving via software re-usability (reduced application investment and supplier dependency) Reduced misunderstandings and errors

  46. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy) • Creating a focus to problem solving via software re-usability (reduced application investment and supplier dependency) • Reduced misunderstandings and errors Programming techniques usable in more environments (general industrial control)

  47. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy) • Creating a focus to problem solving via software re-usability (reduced application investment and supplier dependency) • Reduced misunderstandings and errors • Programming techniques usable in more environments (general industrial control) Combining harmoniously different components from different locations, companies or countries, or projects

  48. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy) • Creating a focus to problem solving via software re-usability (reduced application investment and supplier dependency) • Reduced misunderstandings and errors • Programming techniques usable in more environments (general industrial control) • Combining harmoniously different components from different locations, companies or countries, or projects Increased connectivity (investment protection)

  49. Benefits • Reduced waste of human resources (in training, debugging, maintenance and consultancy) • Creating a focus to problem solving via software re-usability (reduced application investment and supplier dependency) • Reduced misunderstandings and errors • Programming techniques usable in more environments (general industrial control) • Combining harmoniously different components from different locations, companies or countries, or projects • Increased connectivity (investment protection)

  50. How to use IEC 61131-3an example:Structuring Software Developmentwith IEC 61131-3 7 steps to success

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