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15. Ferment of Reform and Culture

15. Ferment of Reform and Culture. Second Great Awakening. Deism and “Age of Reason” taken it’s toll on strict religious adherence Unitarians moving away from orthodox religion Camp meetings bringing back people to religion Peter Cartwright, Peter Finney preaching Old Time Religion

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15. Ferment of Reform and Culture

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  1. 15. Ferment of Reform and Culture

  2. Second Great Awakening • Deism and “Age of Reason” taken it’s toll on strict religious adherence • Unitarians moving away from orthodox religion • Camp meetings bringing back people to religion • Peter Cartwright, Peter Finney preaching Old Time Religion • “anxious bench” • Supported by middle class women • Some Churches begin to split over social issues

  3. Church of Jesus Christ of Later Day Saints (Mormons) • American product • Pushed out in Ohio, Missouri and Illinois • Joseph Smith was murdered in Illinois • Brigham Young takes Mormons to Utah • Many Mormons move west pulling two wheeled carts • Survive dry weather, insects, Native Am. Fighting • Hassle by calvary • theocracy

  4. Public Education!! • Little red schoolhouse (often more time “lickin” than “larnin…” the good old days) • Focused on three “Rs” • Led by Horace Mann, more schools, better pay, training for teachers • Noah Webster: reading lessons, dictionary • McGuffey Readers (Ohio): morality, patriotism, idealism

  5. Country School, Winslow Homer

  6. Higher Education • Still mostly Latin, Greek, Mathematics, Moral Philosophy • U of Virginia—Thomas Jefferson • Women at Troy and Oberlin

  7. Other learning • Tax supported libraries!! • Traveling lecturers—Lyceums • Some magazines: American Review, Godley’s Lady Book

  8. Reformers • Lyman Beecher, Father Theobald Mathew, Neal Dow, Dorthea Dix, William Lloyd Garrison, Wendell Phillips, Theodore Weld, Sarah and Angelina Grimke, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Elijah Lovejoy, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Robert Owen, George Ripley, John Humphrey Noyes, Horace Mann, ElihuBurritt, Dr. Sylvester Graham

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