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Chao Phraya river basin

Chao Phraya river basin. Matthias Bethlehem Jan Fliervoet Irenee Sicard. Context. Introduction Sustainability vision Baseline analysis Action plan Conclusion. Introduction. Chao Phraya river basin catchment area: 160.000km² entirely located in Thailand

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Chao Phraya river basin

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  1. Chao Phraya river basin Matthias Bethlehem Jan Fliervoet Irenee Sicard

  2. Context • Introduction • Sustainability vision • Baseline analysis • Action plan • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • Chao Phraya river basin • catchment area: 160.000km² • entirely located in Thailand • drains into the Gulf of Thailand/Pacific ocean • consists of 8 sub-basins • four large tributaries (Ping, Wang, Yom, Nan) • Bangkok is located near the mouth • (>8M inhabitants) • Chiang Mai (2nd largest city) is located at the • upper part of the basin

  4. Water related issues • Water scarcity and/or water allocation • High variation in rainfall due to Monsoon climate • Floods • Organic and bacterial pollution • Heavy industrial and domestic pollution in the Delta parts • Decreasing groundwater level and pollution (salinity due to the intrusion of sodium and chloride) • Deforestation and its conversion to agricultural use in the upper parts • Soil erosion • Equitability among stakeholders • Sustainability for the basin’s aquatic environment • Enable navigation even in dry season • Water for energy purposes • Water for industrial purposes • Water for cities

  5. Sutainability vision • Sustainable society • Awareness • Strong leadership • People are not subject to conditions that systematically undermine their capacity to meet their needs. • Sustainable river • System thinking, including cycles of nature • Decentralization of water management • Decrease concentrations of substances extracted from the Earth’s crust. • Decrease concentrations of substances produced by society. • Decrease degradation by physical means.

  6. Determine important stakeholders • Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand (EGAT) • Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE) • Provincial Waterworks Authority (PWA) • Farmers • Industry

  7. Determine flows

  8. SC - Analysis • SC 1: nature is not subject to systematically increasing concentrations of substances extracted from the Earth’s crust Negative aspects: • Fast extraction of groundwater Positive apects: • no fossil fuels extracted

  9. SC - Analysis • SC 2: nature is not subject to systematically increasing concentrations of substances produced by society Negative aspects: • Agricultural, industrial, and domestic waste • Navigation

  10. SC - Analysis • SC 3: nature is not subject to systematically increasing degradation by physical means. Negative aspects: • Deforestation (upper areas) • Natural river flow Positive apects: • Ecosystem diveristy is still available.

  11. SC - Analysis • SC 4: In that society people are not subject to conditions that systematically undermine their capacity to meet their needs. Negative aspects: • Not equally distribution of resources and economic wealth Positive aspects: • Economic development

  12. Key areas • Improvement of the surface water quality and quantity. • Urban areas • Rural areas

  13. Action plan 3 short-term actions • Build watertreatment plants (in the cities) • Semi-flexible • Improve water quality • Improvement of water infrastructure in the cities. • Semi-flexible • Improve water quantity • Increase forestation • Flexible • Reduce soil erosion, improve water quality and quantity

  14. Action plan 3 long-term actions • Adapt land-use (use less water for agricultural activities) • Flexible • Secure food supply • Agricultural sector • Reduce use of groundwater resources by increase of water infrastructure in the whole basin. • Flexible • Less independent on groundwater resources • The industrial, domestic and agricultural stakeholders. • Install water pricing for irrigation (Payment for Ecosystem Services PES) • Flexible • Improvement of water quality and quantity • Agricultural stakeholders.

  15. Conclusion • Improve education and communication between stakeholders. • More awareness about water related problems

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