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Scalars and Vectors in Energy and Motion

Learn about the differences between scalars and vectors in energy and motion and how they are used to describe speed, distance, velocity, and displacement.

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Scalars and Vectors in Energy and Motion

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  1. Chapter 5: Energy and Motion

  2. Communicating about Motion • Your friend invites you over after school and says his house is 1.2 Km away and if you walk at a pace of 4km/hr it should take you 15 minutes. Would you know how to get there?

  3. Scalars and Vectors Scalar: Quantities that describe magnitude but NOT direction Ex: speed, distance, time Vectors: Quantities that DO include direction Ex: velocity, displacement

  4. Distance and Displacement Distance: a scalar quantity that describes a length of a path between two points Variable – Δd Unit – Km, m, cm Example – I walked 152 km Displacement: a vector quantity that describes a length of a path but includes DIRECTION Variable – Δd Example – I walked 152 Km North

  5. Formula for Displacement: Δd = d2 – d1 Δd = displacement d1 = initial or starting position d2 = final or ending position

  6. Page 181# 1-9

  7. Speed and Velocity: Speed – scalar Velocity – Vector Formula: Velocity(m/s) = distance (m) v = Δd time (s) Δt

  8. Example #1: Ms Schmalenberg runs at a velocity of 29 m/s N. If it runs for 8.4 seconds what is her displacement? v = 29m/s(N) v = d d = vt t= 8.4 s t d = ? d = (29m/s(N))(8.4s) d = 2.4 x 102

  9. Example #2: A car has a speed of 67Km/hr and travels a distance of 4500 meters. How long did it take the car to travel this distance? v = 67 km/hr OR 18.6 m/s v = d t = d d = 4500 m OR 4.5 km t v t = ? t = 4500m t = 240s 18.6m/s

  10. Page 184 #10-22

  11. Graphing Velocity: • Title • Draw and label x and Y axis(include units) • Create a scale on axis • Plot points • Draw a line of best fit • Calculate Slope

  12. Graph the Following:

  13. Acceleration:

  14. Negative vs Positive Acceleration Positive and a positive = positive Positive and a negative = negative Negative and a positive = negative Negative and a Negative = positive

  15. Formula: Acceleration = velocity a = Δv time Δt Units: Rearrangements: a = m/s2 v = at t = v v = m/s a t= s

  16. Example Ms Schmalenberg reached a speed(running) of 19 m/s from a starting point in a period of 2.0 seconds. What is her acceleration going east of her starting point? v = 19m/s a = v a = 19m/s t = 2.0 s t 2.0 s a = ? a = 9.5 m/s2

  17. Portfolio Assignment #5 Pg 192 # 23-31

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