AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction 2010 Summer Meeting Burlington, Vermont, 18 August 2010

1. SHRP2 R06(E)Real-TimeSmoothness Measurements onPortland Cement Concrete PavementsDuring Construction AASHTO Subcommittee on Construction 2010 Summer Meeting Burlington, Vermont, 18 August 2010 Project Principals: Robert Otto Rasmussen, PhD, INCE, PE (TX) Steven M. Karamihas, MSME Helga N. Torres, MSE, PE (GA) Senior Program Officer: James W. Bryant, Jr., PhD, PE

2. What not to expect from this project? A replacement for conventional profiling for Quality Assurance. Technology that replaces better practices for constructing smoother pavements.

3. What can you expect from this project? Validation of innovative tools for evaluating concrete pavement smoothness in real time. Tools that can be used for Quality Control. Tools that can reduce must-grinds, and thus reduce project delays and claims. Improved understanding about what construction artifacts can affect smoothness. Immediately implementable results.

4. Project Objectives • Demonstrate and evaluate real-time smoothness measuring technologies for concrete paving. • Develop draft specifications and construction guidance for use with these technologies.

5. Research Team Principal Investigators Robert RasmussenSteven Karamihas State DOT And Paving Contractors Project Coordinator Helga Torres Technology Vendors Construction Expertise National CP Tech Center(Paul Wiegand) Gary Fick Sabrina Garber Instrumentation, Measurements Expertise Rich Sohaney Robert Watson Smoothness Expertise George Chang Dave Merritt

6. Process Factors Design Materials Construction Environment Feedback “On the Fly Changes” Real-Time Profiler Technology Real-Time Pavement Profile Profile Characteristics Œ  Ž Smoothness Statistics  IRI PIcalpro Model Specifications and Guidelines

7. Profile Characteristics • Objectionable Profile Characteristics • Localized Roughness • Repetitive Features • Curled and Warped Slabs • Joint effects • Texture effects Some of these don’t happen “behind the paver”!

8. Profile Characteristics Profile Characteristics Œ  Ž  Œ Dowel Basket Rebound  Concrete Loading Ž Stringline Sag  Localized Roughness

9. Hypothesized Profile Segment Identifying Profile Characteristics Profile Length (m) 1.0 0.6 Probable Paver Stops 0.2 Correlation -0.2 -0.6 -1.0 Profile Elevation (mm) Profile Length (m) Cross-Correlation

10. Overall Research Approach • Phase I – Technology Review • Phase II – Technology Evaluation • Phase III – Technology Demonstration

11. Phase I – Technology Review • Technology Identification • 6 Potential Real-Time Smoothness Measuring Systems • Evaluation Plan • 2 Systems Recommended for Evaluationin Phase II • Rule Set / Technical Requirements • Test Section Identification

12. Real-Time Smoothness Technologies • Not Ready/Declined Participation: • Dynamic Surface Profiler (Surface Systems & Instruments) • Auto Rod & Level Profiling Device (APR Consultants) • Vehicle Terrain Measurement System (Virginia Tech) • Sliding Profiler (TxDOT-UT Arlington-TTI)

13. Real-Time Smoothness Technologies • Not Ready/Declined Participation:

14. Real-Time Smoothness Technologies Device 1: GOMACO Smoothness Indicator (GSI)

15. Real-Time Smoothness Technologies Device 2: Ames Engineering Real Time Profiler (RTP)

16. Phase II – Technology Evaluation • Virtual Evaluation • Field Evaluation • Recommendations for Technology Refinement

17. Phase II: Virtual Evaluation • Wavelength Sensitivity • Roughness Indices • Vibration/Misalignment Sensitivity

18. Phase II: Field Evaluation • I-75 Widening and Reconstruction • Adel, Georgia • May 6-12, 2010 • CRCP • Real-time Smoothness Measurements • GOMACO GSI (both GSI bridge and paver-mounted) • Ames Engineering RTP • Supplementary Instrumentation • Paver Vibrations / Displacements Thanks to GDOT and The Scruggs Company for all of your help!!

19. Phase II: Field Evaluation RTP • Real-time Smoothness Measurements • Paver-mounted GSI and RTP GSI

20. Phase II: Field Evaluation • Real-time Smoothness Measurements • GSI Machine

21. Phase II: Field Evaluation Sensors • Real-time Smoothness Measurements • GSI Machine

22. Phase II: Field Evaluation • Supplementary Instrumentation • Paver/Sensor Vibrations / Displacements

23. Phase II: Field Evaluation • Paving Process Documentation • Notes (800+), Photos, Video • In front of the spreader • In front of the paver • Behind the paver

24. Phase II: Field Evaluation • In front of the spreader

25. Phase II: Field Evaluation • In front of the paver

26. Phase II: Field Evaluation • Behind the paver

27. Hardened Concrete Measurements

28. Reference Measurements • SurPRO Profiler • High-speed Inertial Profiler (GDOT ICC)

29. Phase II: Technology Evaluation • Identify Construction Artifacts • Spectral Analysis • Cross-Correlation • Continuous IRI Reporting

30. Rough Trackline

31. Rough Trackline

32. Rough Trackline: Roughness Profile

33. Stringless Guidance System Total Stations Prisms

34. Stringless Guidance System

35. Stringless Guidance System

36. Stringless Guidance System

37. Reinforcement Rebound Transverse Barsspaced 3 ft c-c

38. Reinforcement Rebound Every 3 feet

39. Pan Motion

40. Pan Motion

41. Pan Motion

42. Phase III: Technology Demonstration • Field Demonstrations • Around the country • Different contractors • Different paving equipment • Different types of concrete paving • Technology Evaluation • Draft Specifications and Guidelines

43. Project Schedule • Phase I: Technology Review • COMPLETED in 2009 • Phase II: Technology Evaluation • Field Testing COMPLETE: May 2010 • Virtual Testing and Reporting Underway • Complete Fall 2010 • Phase III: Technology Demonstration • Field Demonstrations in 2011

44. Project Deliverables • Document field data and performance of existing devices • Draft Model Specifications • Draft Guidelines • Immediate Implementation!

45. Questions?