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Congestion Management: Leverage & Finance

Congestion Management: Leverage & Finance. Steve Lockwood PB Consult. Expansion of Congestion/Loss of Service. Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion Mitigation FHWA, 2005. Special Events 5%. Special Events 5%. Poor Signal Timing 5%.

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Congestion Management: Leverage & Finance

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  1. Congestion Management:Leverage & Finance Steve Lockwood PB Consult

  2. Expansion of Congestion/Loss of Service Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion MitigationFHWA, 2005

  3. Special Events 5% Special Events 5% Poor Signal Timing 5% Poor Signal Timing 5% Work Zones 10% Work Zones 10% Bottlenecks 40% Bottlenecks 40% Bad Weather 15% Bad Weather 15% Traffic Incidents 25% Traffic Incidents 25% Causes of Performance Loss:Not Just Capacity Growth in Demand

  4. Why Congestion Management is as Important as Capacity (Reliability) 2007 Annual Mobility Report, TAMU

  5. Congestion Management Strategies • New Capacity (50% of delay today) • Systems Operations (Supply Management): re “incidents” (50% of delay) • Pricing (Demand Management): (percent of delay depends on extent of applications)

  6. Three Strategies for Congestion

  7. 2. Systems Operations Does Make a Difference Future options for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, NCHRP, 2007

  8. Leverage: Long-term Benefits(Interstate example) Future options for the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, NCHRP, 2007

  9. Data Data % of Deployment % of Deployment Year Year 1997 16% 1997 % 1999 22% 1999 1 4 % Freeway Freeway miles with 2000 24% 2000 15% miles real - time 2002 29% covered by 2002 21% traffic data surveillance collection 2004 35% 2004 32% cameras technologies 2005 38% 2005 35% 2006 38% 2006 35% Data Year % of Deployment 1997 30% 1999 35% Freeway 2000 40% miles covered by 2002 46% on - call 2004 45% service patrols 2005 48% 2006 46% Progress is Slow: Could Use an Incentive FHWA Deployment Tracking

  10. Barriers to Improved Operations • Legacy Culture and organizations • Authorizing Environment • Fragmented jurisdictions • Trained Personnel • Dedicated Funding (now 1 % national = $1-2B)

  11. Funding Methods to Encourage Increased Systems Operations • Planning Requirements • Performance Reporting (reduced Oversight • Technology investment Higher funding match for operations • Dedicated program funds • Off- the top funding by performance • Service Target-based funding • Deliberate Interstate Policy

  12. Share per Source of Revenue Federal State Local Total Revenue (US$ in billion) (1) (2) (1) Source Motor Fuel Taxes 26.5 29.2 1.1 56.8 43% Vehicle Fees and Taxes 3.2 16.8 0.9 20.9 16% Tolls 0 5.6 0.9 6.6 5% Other Dedicated Taxes 0.3 3.5 11.6 15.4 12% General Fund Revenues 2.0 7.4 21.7 31.1 24% Total 32.1 62.5 36.1 130.7 100% 25% 48% 28% 100% 100% Share per Level of Government 3. Pricing :Tolls Account for 5% of Highway Revenue Other Dedicated Taxes include dedicated sales and property taxes and value capture revenues General Fund Revenues include income taxes, property taxes, general sales taxes, other valorem taxes Last year with data available at all levels of government is 2004. Latest information as of January 2006. (1) Calendar Year (2) Fiscal Year

  13. The Changing Landscape of Highway Finance in the US, Benouaich, PB Consult

  14. 3. Pricing (toll) Projects – How much? • Greenfields Opportunities? • Greenfields feasibility and mixing? • Non-Greenfields = NHS (where the congestion is) • Conversion Acceptability (HOT path)? • Constraints where lanes additions involved Where the Action is: The Nation Highway System Network = 162K miles and 45% of VMT (28% is Interstate)

  15. Current Status of Toll Project Development Not including TTC

  16. Current Status of Toll Project Development

  17. The Next Decade: Toll Role? • Current toll revenues $7B • Current highway revenues $140B • Trend based total expenditure for new capacity $30-$40 (higher than trend) • Trend-based toll expenditures for new capacity $8-$10B (exclusive of concession payments) • Large Growth states 50%-plus • Trend-based toll revenues based on Trend 15-17B (exclusive of concession payments) • Trend-based total revenues $165-$170B

  18. Barriers to Toll/Pricing Development • Resistance to Conversion • Need for network level development • Concern for network effects (diversion) • Consideration of Equity (dual system?) • Stakeholder/User control (state, local) • Politics of excess funds investment • Credibility of owner/manager with major funds

  19. Methods to Encourage Greater Use of Pricing for Congestion Management • Congestion management targets (to foster pricing) • Interstate Conversion Forgiveness • Service Target funding with incentive to meet • Credit enhancement, etc. • Aggressive match bait • Deliberate Interstate Policy

  20. Vision: Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration Mixes VMT pricing and Advanced Operations

  21. Needed: New Institutional Evolution

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