To Monitoring Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Indonesia

1. To Monitoring Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Indonesia

2. ESC rights related issues are some of the most pressing in today’s economic, social and political environment. No pressure on most Governments in the world to fulfill ESCR obligations. How International Human Rights Instruments can be used to strengthen local advocacy efforts? Using the opportunity that Indonesia is reviewed in May 2014 to develop a civil society alternate report To strengthen the work of human rights organisations in Indonesia Why are We Here? Setting the Context

3. Why work in a Collective • Diverse views get consolidated • Represents the larger civil society interest • Less duplication of effort and better use of resources • Is credible source of information for CESCR members • Gets more used as is time saving for CESCR members Collective Process

4. Short term Civil Society report Long term A Collective voice that monitors ESCR in Indonesia Collective on ESCR Goals for a Collective Process

5. How Can PWESCR Help • PWESCR can assist Indonesian civil society in 4 ways: • 1. Build capacity to develop a good alternate report • 2. Provide Technical assistance for all UN Procedures • Accreditation • Visa • Submissions • 3. During CESCR Review in Geneva • Oral Statement • Lunch briefing with CESCR members • Meeting with Rapporteur • Lobbying • 4. Follow up • Implementation of Concluding Observations Partnership with PWESCR

6. Indonesia ratified ICESCR in 2006 • Indonesia first review before CESCR May 2014 • Indonesia was also reviewed by the UN CEDAW in 2012, and UPR 2012. Indonesia and CESCR

7. The Covenant on ESCR has 31 articles and 21 General Comments 18 members elected for a term of 4 years, and there is a Chairperson. States that have ratified have to submit an initial report in two years of ratification and then report every 5 years subsequently The State report is a public document and should be available easily Working Methods of the Committee on ESCR UN Procedures

8. Working Methods of the Committee on ESCR • Pre Sessional Working Group • Identify in advance a list of questions for the State representative. • State has to give the Committee a response in writing to these questions • Secretariat prepares a country file (OHCHR) • It provides background material to the Committee members • State Reports before the Committee (ref. to reporting guidelines in the binder) (TAG 5) • Committee considers the report in clusters of articles (usually 1-5, 6-9, 10-12, 13,15) • Committee members will ask the State representative various questions • State has to reply immediately to all questions that don’t require further research • Pending questions are taking up in subsequent meetings • Concluding Observations UN Procedures

9. Working Methods of the Committee on ESCR • Pre-Sessional Working Group: • Ngos can submit list of issues • Make oral presentations • Send all kinds of information in form of photographs, videos, text, news clippings to the Secretariat to provide information to the Committee • Session at Which a State party is Scheduled for consideration: • Shadow report/alternate report sent to the Secretariat • Oral presentation before the Committee and Lunch briefing • Observe the dialogue between the State party and the Committee • Follow-up to the Committee’s Concluding Observations • Submission of information to the Secretariat on the implementation of the Concluding Observations of the Committee in the State Party concerned. Civil Society Participation

10. Some Suggestions • Collaboration between various NGOs is recommended. • Produce a single consolidated submission representing broad consensus to give Committee a clearer picture of current status of implementation • Joint submission eliminates duplication and contradictory information • Committee cannot give adequate attention to multiple reports • All information should be specific to the Covenant only • concise and succinct • Documentation of facts with proper references • Reliable and not abusive • Kinds of submission • Besides shadow reports Ngos can submit any type of information to the Secretariat such as press clippings, NGO newsletter, video, reports, academic publications, studies, joint statements etc. Civil Society Participation

11. Content • Organizing the Content • Organizing by articles rather than issues indicates an understanding of the treaty and respect for Committee’s time. • Identify and prioritize issues in the Collective • Gather documentation and evidence to illustrate the issue • This can include statistics, legal cases, testimonies, news clipping, etc. • Statistics are most useful if they are disaggregated • Identify major obstacles and recommend approaches to removing them • If government has entered reservation suggest changes that would allow for withdrawal. • Provide the Committee with clear questions to raise regarding each article. • Be practical: Report should be focused and provide framework to develop specific lobbying points. Civil Society (Shadow/Alternate) Report

12. Structure • Organizing the report for maximum impact: • Organize the information according to the articles and not issues • Limit report to not more than 30 pages • Committee members have limited amount of time in which they want to get information about the most pressing issues in a concise format. • Provide a Table of Content and Executive Summary • Describe the problem, show the evidence, and the specific suggestion for change. Indicate who in the government is responsible. • Prioritize issues. Committee will be able to focus only on few issues. Alternate Report

13. Structure • Structure for each chapter: (Examples from India and Sri Lanka) • List of issue—gap in dejure and defacto and what is missing in government report • Provide the evidence, empirical data, statistics to make a very good case • List of question for the UN Committee to ask Indian Government in Context of these rights • List of recommendation for the UN Committee to make to the Government in terms of how to fulfill their obligation (use past Concluding Observations from UPR,CEDAW) • Approach • Intersectionality approach • Commitments not fulfilled • Dark areas the report fails to mention CESCR and Indonesia

14. ICESCR • Article 1Right to self determination • Article 2.1 Commitment ofState parties to achieve progressively the full realisation of rights enshrined in the Covenant • Article 2.2 Non-discrimination • Article 3 Right of men and women to the equal enjoyment of ESCR rights • Article 4 Limitations in enjoyment of rights only for promotingthe general welfare of a democratic society

15. ICESCR • Article 5 Non-derogation from the rights enshrined in the Covenant; no person, group or government has the right to destroy any of these rights • Article 6 Right to Work • Article 7 Right to just and favourable conditions at work • Article 8 Right to form and join trade unions without restriction • Article 9 Right to social security • Article 10 Rights of the family and its members, including special protection for mothers, children and young persons

16. ICESCR • Article 5 Non-derogation from the rights enshrined in the Covenant; no person, group or government has the right to destroy any of these rights • Article 6 Right to Work • Article 7 Right to just and favourable conditions at work • Article 8 Right to form and join trade unions without restriction • Article 9 Right to social security • Article 10 Rights of the family and its members, including special protection for mothers, children and young persons

17. Article 1-5: Right to self determination Progressive realization, maximum available resources Non discrimination Equality between men and women International coorporation and Aid Article 6-9 Right to work Rights at work: Conditions of work : fair wages, decent living, safe healthy work environment, promotion, and rest. Trade union rights Right to social security and social insurance List of Articles ICESCR

18. Article 10-12: Rights in a family, Marriage with free consent, Protection for mothers (incl. maternity benefits), Child labour Right to adequate standard of living (food, clothing and housing) Right to health Article 13 -15 Right to education Cultural Rights List of Articles CESCR

19. State Obligations • Article 2.1 ICESCR “Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take steps, individually and through international assistance and cooperation, especially economical and technical, to the maximum of its available resources, with a view to achieving progressivelythe full realization of the rights recognized in the present Covenant by all appropriate means, including particularly the adoption of legislative measures.”

20. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights • Enhancement of capabilities and freedom from Want/Needs • Involve an identifiable ‘core content’ or ‘core obligation’ • ( the survival kit) • Include a prohibition against retrogressive measures

21. Maximum available resources • The question of resources is understandably a complex one. Suggested five categories of resources: human resources, technological, information, natural resources, and financial resources. It is recommended to keep scope open-ended as the nature of resources can change over time and differ depending on the context. • Financial resources alone from among all possible categories of resources may encompass various policy parameters such as government revenue, monetary policy and financial regulations, debt and deficit financing and development assistance.

22. Obligations of States parties • Respect(refrain from direct or indirect interferance) • Protect (prevent third parties from interfering) • Fulfil(core obligations and progressive realization) Provide Facilitate Promote for those unable to do so positive measures education & information campaigns for public awareness

23. Obligation to respect • To respect human rights means not to interfere with their enjoyment • For instance, States should refrain from carrying out forced evictions and not arbitrarily restrict the right to vote or the freedom of association State Obligation

24. Obligation to protect • To protect human rights means to take steps to ensure that third parties do not interfere with their enjoyment • For example, States must protect the accessibility of education by ensuring that parents do not stop girls from going to school. State Obligation

25. Obligation to fulfill • To fufill human rights means to take steps progressively to realise the rights in question. (subdivided into) • obligations to facilitate: obligation of the state to engage proactively in activities that would strengthen people’s ability to meet their own needs, for instance, creating conditions in which the market can supply the health care services that they demand. • The obligation to provide goes one step further, involving direct provision of services if the rights concerned cannot be realised otherwise, for example to compensate for market failure or to help groups that are unable to provide for themselves. • The obligation to promote looks at education & information campaigns for public awareness. State Obligation

26. ESCR Frame work • Availability • Accessibility- Economic (Affordability), Physical and Information • Adequacy • Quality 3 AQ

27. Right to Education • Availability: • financial allocations matching human rights obligations • teachers (education, training, recruitment, labour standards related to teachers) Example

28. Accessibility: • elimination of legal and administrative barriers • elimination of financial obstacles • identification and elimination of discriminatory practices • elimination of obstacles to compulsory schooling ( fees, geographical access, schedule)

29. Adequacy • schools equivalent to school aged children • No. teachers in proportion to students

30. Quality • Language of instruction • Enforcement of minimum standards (such as quality, safety, environmental health) • Recognition of children as subjects of rights

31. Cross Cutting Issues • Crosscutting issues that will be in all our chapters: • Lessons from India • Gender (Women focus) • Livelihood & Labour • Dignity • Implementation (failure of government to implement) • Marginalization – Inclusion & equality (Dalit, indigenous and all other minorities) • Budget • Impunity (violators getting away) • Entitlements • Indivisibility of rights CESCR and Indonesia

32. Time Line Report needs to be in Geneva by March 2014 (will get the exact dates) 1st draft of all chapters: National consultation to review chapters: Finalisation of chapters: Research of data editing Submission to OHCHR in Geneva Civil Society Delegation to be in Geneva: fundraising identifying who should go Accreditation Visa CESCR and Indonesia

33. Time Line Indonesia Before CESCR April 30th 3:00 PM and May 1st (morning and afternoon sessions) Preparation before Review Press conference Meet various governments Civil Society Delegation to Reach Geneva by April 29th Training in Geneva on April 29th for Oral statements Open Day April 28th you can make a statement Review: April 30th and May 1st Lunch Briefing with Committee Members on April 30th Prepare Lobby Note Meeting with the Rapporteur May 1st/2nd. CESCR and Indonesia