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Simple Machines

Simple Machines. Group JJ. My Simple Machine. The Pulley. Definition of PULLEY:. A simple machine consisting essentially of a wheel with a grooved rim in which a pulled rope or chain can run to change the direction of the pull and thereby lift a load. Pulley Pic. 1. Pulley Pic. 2. 1. 2.

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Simple Machines

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  1. Simple Machines Group JJ

  2. My Simple Machine The Pulley

  3. Definition of PULLEY: • A simple machine consisting essentially of a wheel with a grooved rim in which a pulled rope or chain can run to change the direction of the pull and thereby lift a load.

  4. Pulley Pic. 1

  5. Pulley Pic. 2

  6. 1 2 3 Mechanical Advantage .5 times 4 5 Pulley Pic. 3

  7. Compound Machine(with pulley) Pulley Wheel and Axle

  8. Compound Machine 2

  9. Compound Machine 3

  10. Resources • en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulley • library.thinkquest.org/27948/pulley.html • library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/pulley.htm • www.howstuffworks.com/pulley.htm • www.coe.uh.edu/archive/science/science_lessons/scienceles1/pulley.htm

  11. Inclined Plane By: Amber Schaeffer ( : Pd. 12

  12. What is it? • An inclined plane is a flat surface whose endpoints are at different heights • A slanted surface that raises an object. • When an inclined plane is used, less force is needed than if an object would go straight up.

  13. Ex. 1 - Ramps

  14. Ex. 2 -Chutes

  15. Ex. 3 - Slides

  16. Equations & Examples • The equation for the mechanical advantage (MA) is MA=s/h S = slope H = height S H

  17. Equations & Examples 2 • To find the magnitude of two components you use: F u = mg(sin ) F = mg(cos ) F u F

  18. Sources Used • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclined_plane • http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/Science/sciber00/8th/machines/sciber/machine2.htm • http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mechanical_advantage • http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/Phys/Class/vectors/u3l3e.html

  19. Simple Machines:Lever Alicia Snyder Pd. 12

  20. LEVERS • A lever is a simple machine that makes work easier. • Levers involve moving a load around a pivot using a force.

  21. In a Type 1 Lever, the pivot (fulcrum) is between the effort and the load. In a Type 2 Lever, the load is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the effort. In a Type 3 Lever, the effort is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the load. ORDERS/CLASSES

  22. Mechanical Advantage • The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of the length of the lever on the applied force side of the fulcrum to the length of the lever on the resistance force side of the fulcrum. • Mechanical Advantage= Effort Arm/Resistance Arm

  23. 10:1 Resistance Arm Effort Arm Example of Mechanical Advantage

  24. Compound machines • Wheel Barrel: • Lever • Wheel and Axle

  25. Compound Machines • Scissors: • Lever • Screw • Wedge

  26. Compound machines • Bicycle • Screws • Wheel and axle • Lever • Pulley

  27. Bibliography • http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm  used this site for mechanical advantage • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/physics.macnines/Levers.shtml  used this site for classes and definition of a lever • http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210120/Compound%20machine.html used for compound machines • http://www.technologystudent.com/forcmom/lever1.htm ^ used to find levels of levers • http://library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/lever.htm ^found info on levers

  28. Simple MachinesThe Screw Kati Myers Pd. 12 2/26/2009

  29. What is a screw? • A screw is actually an inclined plane that is wrapped around a cylinder and has a wedge at the tip. The incline plane is the thread that goes all the way around the screw. They are typically used to hold things together.

  30. Mechanical Advantage and Equations • Since there is a lot of friction the ideal mechanical advantage doesn’t mean much. But in order to lift heavy items or when needing to hold things together, the screw is of great advantage. Equation = Circumference -------------------- Pitch

  31. Change in force • A screw requires a small force when turning, in order to overcome a larger amount of resistance force.

  32. Mechanical Advantage Problem • For example, suppose a screw with 12 threads per inch is turned by a screwdriver having a handle with a diameter of 1 inch. The mechanical advantage would be calculated as follows: • First, determine the pitch of the screw... • Pitch = 1 = 1 = .083 • 12 threads/inch of screw 12 • Second, determine the circumference of the handle of the screwdriver... • Circumference = 3.14 x diameter = 3.14 x 1 = 3.14 inches • Finally, insert the values obtained into the formula and solve the equation... • Mechanical Advantage = Circumference = 3.14 inches = 37.83 • Pitch .083

  33. Pencil Sharpener • Screw • Incline • Wedge

  34. Bicycle • Screw • Wheel and Axle • Pulley • Lever

  35. Cork Screw • Screw • Lever • Wheel and Axle

  36. Links • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_(simple_machine) • Explained how my simple machine works. • http://www.weirdrichard.com/screw.htm • Allowed me to see how a screw can change forces. • http://www.mikids.com/Smachines.htm • Gave different examples of what a screw is. • http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm • Helped out when I needed to make up my own mechanical advantage problem. • http://science.jrank.org/pages/4058/Machines-Simple-Screws.html • Provided good information explaining what a screw is

  37. Simple Machines:WEDGE Lisa Clay Period 12

  38. What is a wedge and it’s advantage? • The wedge is the active twin of an inclined plane • This simple machine consists of a pair of inclined planes set face-to-face, that can sustain relative sliding or rolling motion. Which makes it an advantage for a controlled and precise motion

  39. How does a wedge change the force? • The purpose or advantage of the wedge is to change the direction of the applied force. When the force is applied downward on a wedge, it is able to push outward in two directions

  40. Equation that shows mechanical advantage of a Wedge! • MA= L / W • To solve the equation to find the mechanical advantage of a wedge you have to take the ratio to its length to the ratio of its width

  41. MA=L / W MA=12/4 MA=3 Example of Mechanical Advantage 12 4

  42. Compound Machine #1- Boat • The wedge is located that the front of the boat, where the boat actually splits the water to let it glide. • A pulley is also located in the boat which turns the wheels. Which makes a boat a compound machine.

  43. Compound Machine #2- Fan • The blades in which cut the air as it spins is acting as a wedge • There is a wheel and axel in which makes the fan spin. Which considers it a compound machine

  44. Compound Machine #3- Shovel • The metal in which spits the ground as it shovels serves as the wedge • The handle in which sticks out from the wedge serves as a lever which makes a shovel a compound machine

  45. Websites Used • http://www.weirdrichard.com/wedge.htm • http://www.sciencetech.technomuses.ca/english/schoolzone/Info_Simple_Machines2.cfm • http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/Mechanics/incline.html • http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/elemsci/gr5u • http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm

  46. Wheel and Axle By: Dakotah Kurtz

  47. What is it? • Well, the simple machine “Wheel and Axle,” consists of a large wheel, attached to a smaller wheel. Then, you can turn the smaller wheel, making the big wheel cover more distance. Or, if you turn the big wheel, it takes less force, but requires more motion.

  48. Mechanical Advantage • The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is equal to the rotation of the radius of the wheel to the radius of an axle. • The equation for the mechanical advantage is the ratio of the size of the wheel to the size of the axle.

  49. Ideal Mechanical Advantage • The wheel and axle changes the rate at which force is applied. If the force is applied to the axle, more force is required, but the distance traveled is greater. And vice – versa. • M.A. = RadiusWheel/RadiusAxle • As the small wheel turns, the big wheel turns at the same revolutions, but with the big wheel, that is a bigger distance. =]

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