Apollo 13

1. Apollo 13 By: quentin green

2. Date of launch and landing Launch-Saturday, April 11, 1970 at 13:13 CST Landing-Friday,Returned to Earth: April 17, 1970 But they didn’t

3. crew of Apollo 13 James A. Lovell, Jr. commanderJohn L. Swigert, Jr., command module pilot *Fred W. Haise, Jr. lunar module pilot

4. Purpose of the mission Apollo 13 was supposed to land in the Fra Mauro area. An explosion on board forced Apollo 13 to circle the moon without landing. The Fra Mauro site was reassigned to Apollo 14.

5. outcome The outcome was that the three astronauts were brought safely back to earth, despite the spacecraft's having lost all power. They needed the lunar landing module to get them back. It was jettisoned before they returned to the Earth's atmosphere.

6. facts Though Ken Mattingly was originally supposed to pilot the command module, he succumbed to rubella or German measles exposure. Mattingly was replaced by John L. Swigert just 48 hours prior to the launch. Laboratory tests later revealed that Mattingly had not contracted rubella. Among the many limitations that the crew had to make do with, were lifeboat consumables, oxygen supply, lithium hydroxide to remove carbon dioxide and survival power level. The Apollo 13 investigation revealed that the heater and protection thermostat were changed to 65 volts from the original 28-volt DC bus, with the intention of aiding the pressurization within the tanks more rapidly. The thermostat was never upgraded to accommodate the higher voltage.

7. Cont. facts First aborted Apollo Mission Use of lunar module to provide emergency propulsion and life support after loss of service module system First impact of the S-IVB/IU on the lunar surface. Normally it burns up in the Earth's atmosphere CM pilot Thomas K. Mattingly was removed 72 hours prior to scheduled launch due to presumed exposure to the german measles. He later flew on Apollo 16.

8. Questions 1. When was your major event and what country launched the Apollo 13 ? In1970 and from Pad A, Launch Complex 39 2. who were the astronauts that flew in the Apollo 13? James A. Lovell, Jr.John L. Swigert, Jr.Fred W. Haise, Jr. 3. What mission was it a part of?ALSEP

9. cont. questions 4.What was the purpose of the Apollo 13? Apollo 13 was supposed to land in the Fra Mauro area. An explosion on board forced Apollo 13 to circle the moon without landing. The Fra Mauro site was reassigned to Apollo 14. 5. List 5 other interesting facts. 1.The lunar module was the Aquarius; the command module was the Odyssey. Both names were chosen by Commander Lovell. 2.The Iwo Jima was an amphibious assault ship, commissioned on 26 August 1961. She was decommissioned 14 July 1993 after nearly 32 years of distinguished service, including a tour of duty in the Persian Gulf in 1990.

10. Question #5 cont. 3.Ken Mattingly was scrubbed from the mission, one week prior to launch, because he had been exposed to the measles. He was replaced by Jack Swigert as Command Module Pilot 4. Oxygen tank #2 had a faulty tank-heater thermostat which never opened, causing the tank heater to stay on during the flight. The tank heated up to such an extreme temperature that the insulation was burned from the internal tank wiring. When the astronaut turned on the tank fan to stir its contents, an electrical spark arced on the bare wires, caught fire, and the oxygen rapidly burned. The resultant pressure caused the tank to explode. 5. The device was designed at NASA in Houston, primarily by Ed Smylie, the chief of the Crew Systems Division. The directions for building the device were then transmitted to the Apollo 13 crew, who built the device from the directions.