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Religions of Asia

Religions of Asia. SSWG5d . Describe the various ethnic and religious groups in the region and the effect of geography on their development and their major customs and traditions. . Buddhism. Founder & Date Siddhartha Guatama (The Buddha) 530 BC History

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Religions of Asia

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  1. Religions of Asia SSWG5d. Describe the various ethnic and religious groups in the region and the effect of geography on their development and their major customs and traditions.

  2. Buddhism • Founder & Date • Siddhartha Guatama (The Buddha) • 530 BC • History • Prince raised in luxury but gave up everything • Major Beliefs • Four Noble Truths • Suffering is a part of life. • Suffering is caused by selfish desires for things you don’t have. • To end suffering, you must learn to let go of selfish desires and achieve enlightenment. • To be freed of selfish desires, you must live a life of moderation and discipline called the Eightfold Path.

  3. Buddhism • Major Beliefs • Karma—what you do comes back to you • Reincarnation—your soul is recycled • Nirvana—ultimate enlightenment (final reincarnation) • Location • Although Buddhism started in India, today it is practiced mainly in Japan, China, Cambodia, and Thailand. • Misc. • Buddha was actually a Hindu originally

  4. Buddhism The Buddha 8 Fold Path

  5. Shinto • Founder & Date • No real founder and date • Some consider the oldest religion in the world • Major Beliefs • According to Shinto belief, all objects in nature contain sacred spirits called kami. • This includes plants, rocks, trees and animals. • Kami are often worshipped at family or community shrines, where the spirits of deceased relatives live. • Many different festivals

  6. Shinto • Major Beliefs • Shinto rituals emphasize purity and worship of nature. • Holy water and salt are used to cleanse and purify things. • Bells, drums or gongs are used to attract good kami or scare away bad kami. • Another well known example of Shinto rituals involves the making of Samurai swords • Location • Primarily in Japan • Misc. • According to tradition, the emperor of Japan is a descendant of the sun goddess and therefore a god himself

  7. Shinto Sumo Wrestling Samurai Swords

  8. Hinduism • Founder & Date • No real founder and date • Goes back 4000 years • Major Beliefs • Many of these beliefs are found in a series of books called the Vedas. • Believe in reincarnation, karma, & nirvana • Caste system • What you do in previous lives determines your caste

  9. Hinduism • Major Beliefs • The Hindu religion includes multiple gods. The most important of these are • Brahma, the creator • Vishnu the preserver • Shiva the destroyer. • Location • Primarily in India

  10. Caste System • The Caste system is very rigid, you cannot move up in social class • The Indian Constitution has outlawed caste based discrimination • The Caste System is declining in urban areas as education improves • The Caste System is still prominent in many rural areas • Brahmins-Priests • Kshatriya-nobles • Vaisya-traders, artisans, farmers, herders • Sudra-laborers • Untouchables

  11. Hinduism Shiva Ohm symbol

  12. Hinduism Chutes & Ladders Snakes & Ladders

  13. Islam • Founder & Date • Muhammad • 622 AD • Major Beliefs • Monotheistic • Allah • Muslim beliefs and practices are spelled out in their holy book, the Qur’an • Two major divisions • Sunni • Shia

  14. Islam • Major Beliefs • 5 Pillars • Declaration of Faith • Prayer • Charity • Fasting • Pilgrimage • Location • The largest Muslim populations in Southern and Eastern Asia are found in India, Pakistan and Indonesia.

  15. islam Banda Aceh Islam Map

  16. Confucianism (philosophy not religion) • Founder & Date • The Chinese philosopher Kong Fu Zi • Lived from 551 to 479BC. • History • When Confucius lived, it was a bad time in China with war • Major Beliefs • He spelled this out in a code of behavior called Li, which requires respect, honesty, hard work, politeness, and generosity. • Every person should know their place in society, follow the rules, and be respectful, especially of their parents.

  17. Confucianism • Major Beliefs • An orderly society was built on Five Key Relationships: • ruler and subject • parent and child • husband and wife • Older sibling and younger sibling • Friend and friend • Location • Confucian philosophy is influential in China and Japan.

  18. confucianism Confucius Symbol

  19. Daoism/TaoismChina • Founder and Date • No real founder • First recognized in 4th century BC • History • Before the Communist revolution, Taoism was the strongest religion in China • After the government began destroying any non-communist religions its numbers have significantly reduced • Major Beliefs • The Tao, “the Way”, is the ultimate creative principle of the universe • Promotes, harmony, being virtuous, and self development • Taoists practices, meditation, fengshui, fortune telling • Location • China

  20. Misc: Sikhism & Jainism • Sikhism • Founded by Guru Nanak • Monotheistic • Salvation through disciplined, personal meditation on the name and message of God. • Equality a big deal • Jainism • 4.2 million followers • believe in extreme nonviolence • everything has a soul • Strict vegetarians • Do not believe in gods or spiritual beings, more a religion of self-help

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