1 / 39

Religions of South East Asia

Religions of South East Asia. Hinduism- Ethnic. Began: 2000 B.C.E. Founder: Dravidians & Aryans Origin: un-known, but thought to be brought by Aryans Number of members: 838 million. Hinduism. Region- SEA: India, Nepal, Sri Lanka

hume
Télécharger la présentation

Religions of South East Asia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Religions of South East Asia

  2. Hinduism- Ethnic Began: 2000 B.C.E. Founder: Dravidians & Aryans Origin: un-known, but thought to be brought by Aryans Number of members: 838 million

  3. Hinduism Region- SEA: India, Nepal, Sri Lanka Religious Leaders- priests, gurus- spiritual leaders, swamis- teachers

  4. Hinduism • Holy Books: The BhagavadGita, Vedas, Upanishads • House of Worship: Temples

  5. Hinduism Holy place: tirthas= pilgrimages (examples: Mt. Kailash, Ganges, and the Himalayas

  6. Hinduism Dietary law: no meat/alcohol Monotheistic: NO - over 350 million gods YES – Brahman (pantheism) Holy day of the week: Every day is holy

  7. Hinduism Holidays: Divali: Festival of lights Dessehra: Rama’s victory over Ravana= victory of good over evil Burial of Dead: cremation burn the dead

  8. Hinduism Name of Diety- 3 main ones (Trimurti) 1. Brahman- judge 2. Vishnu- protector 3. Shiva- destroyer

  9. Hinduism Requirements and Main Beliefs • Reincarnation: Karma & Dharma • Caste System • Priests • Warriors • Merchants • Laborers • Untouchables • Moksha- breaking cycle

  10. Hinduism Diffusion: ethnic religions usually stay in specific region Symbols: Swastika, Om, Lotus

  11. Buddhism

  12. Buddhism- Universal Began: 563 B.C.E. Founder: Siddhartha Gautama Origin: Siddhartha Gautama Number of Members: 500 million to 1.5 billion (due to Chinese Communism)

  13. Buddhism • Schools and Regions: Therevada: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka Mahayana: China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam Zen: China Tibetan (Mantrayana): Tibet, Nepal • Religious leaders: Dalai Lama- reincarnate, Sangha- order of monks Bodhisattva- teacher

  14. Buddhism Holy Book: Tripitaka (3 baskets) - holds Buddha's sayings & rules for monks they were collected in baskets. House of Worship: Pagodas and Stupas

  15. Buddhism • Holy Places- Nepal- birthplace of Buddha Bodh Gaya- Enlightenment Sarnath- sermon & death

  16. Buddhism Dietary Law: Moderation Monotheistic: More philosophy than religion Holy day of the week: Every day is holy

  17. Buddhism • Holidays: Vassa- meditation from July-October Wesak/Vesak- Buddha’s birth Buddha Day – birth, enlightenment, death • Burial of the dead: Cremation • Name of deities: none

  18. Buddhism: Requirements & Main Beliefs • 3 universal truths 1. Nothing is lost in the universe 2. Everything changes 3. Law of cause and effect • Reincarnation • 4 noble truths: 1. all life is suffering 2. suffering comes from desire 3. desire can be eliminated 4. there is a path to eliminate desire • The 8 Fold Path • Nirvana Diffusion- universal

  19. Buddhism • 8 fold path: the right 1. viewpoint 2. values 3. speech 4. actions 5. livelihood 6. effort 7. mindfulness 8. meditation

  20. Buddhism • Symbols: Wheel, Bodhi Tree, Footprints, Lotus Flower, Mandalas, Prayer Flags

  21. Confucianism

  22. Confucianism- Ethnic Began: 520 B.C.E. Founder: Confucius Origin: Confucius Number of Members: 6 million or 350 million Region: SEA – mainly China Religious leaders: Teacher/Sages

  23. Confucianism I-Ching • Holy Books: 5 classics (Wujing): written by Confucius 4 books (Analects/Shshu): written by his followers • House of Worship: None • Holy place: None • Dietary Law: None • Monotheistic: Philosophy

  24. Confucianism Holy Day of the Week: None Holidays: None Burial of Dead: Local Customs Name of Deities: None Diffusion- could be universal but mainly stayed within Chinese culture

  25. Confucianism – Requirements and Beliefs Social code based on morality rather than laws. Established social order within Chinese Society Look to the past for insight to behavior and follow ancestral examples The “Way of Heaven” – natural turn of events The “Mandate of Heaven” - Be a good ruler

  26. Confucianism- requirements cont. • Filial Piety: 1.Ruler/Subject 2.Father/Son 3.Older/younger brother 4.Husband/Wife 5.Friend/Friend • Everyone must know their role & live accordingly • Believe the answer to social ills was self-cultivation, starting with education

  27. Confucius Sayings: • Study the past if you are to define the future. • Do not dwell on mistakes and thus make them crimes. • Those who do not study are just cattle dressed in men’s clothing Confucius’ comments about women were not as nice…….

  28. Taoism • Began: 604 BCE • Founder: Lao Tzu • Origin: Lao Tzu • Number of Members: 20 million • Region: SEA - China

  29. Taoism • Religious Leaders: Priests • Holy Book: Tao Te Ching • House of Worship: Temples/Monastaries

  30. I-Ching The I Ching is a collection of practical wisdom, pertaining to every conceivable situation. It originates in ancient China and is probably the oldest Chinese classical text. "I Ching" means "Book of Changes." There are 64 different kinds of situations in the I Ching. Each one is indicated by a hexagram, which is a symbol made up by 6 lines, each of which can be broken or unbroken.

  31. Taoism • Holy Places: None • Dietary Laws: None • Monotheistic: No – Philosophy/Way of Life.(Taoism has many gods, most of them borrowed from other cultures. These deities are within this universe and are themselves subject to the Tao.)

  32. Taoism Holy Day of Week: None Holidays: None Burial of the Dead: Local Customs Deity: The 3 Pure Ones

  33. Taoism: Requirements and Main Beliefs • Tao Means “The Way” • Return to Nature • Everything will come out right if you let nature take its course • Live Tranquil rural life in union with nature • Nothing is permanent or absolute, but in a state of flux between two opposites • Yin and Yang: represent opposites (good and evil/light and dark) Diffusion: Mainly in China

  34. Shinto (“Way of the Gods”) - Japan

  35. Shinto Began: Preliterate times (6th century) Founder: Not known Origin: Japanese indigenous culture Number: Japanese population (ethnic)

  36. Shinto Region: SEA - Japan Religious Leaders: Priests Holy Book: Kojiki and Nihon Shoki House of Worship: Shrines

  37. Shinto Komainu-Guardians - Buddhist • Holy Place: Family alters, effigies, shrines, or anything marked with a rope or gate (torii) • Dietary Law: Food offerings • Monotheistic: Considered polytheistic or a way of life rather than religion

  38. Shinto • Holy Day of the Week: None • Holidays: None • Burial of the Dead: Local customs • Name of Deities: Kami (spirits) and Amaterasu

  39. Shinto • Beliefs: • Most things have a kami (spirit) • Prayer and Offerings are used • Purity is emphasized • Shinto led to the Japanese belief that as sole descendants of the sun, they were uniquely gifted to rule the world. Diffusion: Stays within Japan

More Related