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Ch. 2 ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Ch. 2 ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt. I. Nile River “Giver of Life” “Gift of the Nile” A. 4,160 miles long * longest river in world. Hymn To The Nile “If the Nile smiles the earth is joyous, every stomach is rejoicing.”. B. Neolithic people settle Nile Valley

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Ch. 2 ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

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  1. Ch. 2 (Sec. 2) Ancient Egypt

  2. I. Nile River • “Giver of Life” “Gift of the Nile” • A. 4,160 miles long • * longest river in world

  3. Hymn To The Nile “If the Nile smiles the earth is joyous, every stomach is rejoicing.”

  4. B. Neolithic people settle Nile Valley • 6000 years ago • C. Natural Barriers • * protected from invasion • LibyanDesert Red Sea • Nubian Desert Med. Sea • Cataracts *rapids

  5. D. Sinai Peninsula connects Egypt & Western Asia

  6. E. KemetBlack Land (black soil) name given to Ancient Egypt Egypt“House of the Spirit” (Aegyptus) *Greeks gave Egypt it’s name

  7. II. 2 Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt A. Upper Egypt Land upstream to south Cobra *symbol * White Crown B. Lower Egypt closest to Med. Sea Vulture *symbol *Red Crown

  8. C. Menes3100 BC • *1st Pharaoh of Egypt • united 2 kingdoms • 1. PharaohGreat House • son of Amon-Re *Sun God

  9. 2. Memphis*1st capital city • “City of White Walls”

  10. 3. Dynasty • family of rulers • passing of crown based on heredity • 30 Egyptian Dynasties

  11. 4. Vizier“steward of the whole land” • chief administrator & judge

  12. 5. Nomes • 42 Egyptian provinces

  13. III. Periods of Ancient Egyptian History A. Old Kingdom 2700 BC - 2200 BC 1. Pyramid Age *greatest period of Egyptian History 90 Pyramids still stand

  14. 2. Step Pyramid at Sakkara 2650 BC • *world’s oldest building • Pharaoh Zoser (or Djoser)“The Most Sacred One”

  15. Imhotep*architect Step Pyramid

  16. 3. Great Pyramid at Giza • Pharaoh Khufu 2450 BC • 2,300,000 stone blocks / 5,000 lbs. each • 481 ft. high covers 13 acres

  17. Stone Sarcophagus Great Pyramid

  18. 4. Sphinx“Guardian of Sacred Places” • lions body & human head • Pharaoh Khafre*face on Sphinx?

  19. B. Middle Kingdom 2050 BC - 1800 BC • Golden Age • 1. Mummification for lower classes

  20. 2. Canal links Nile & Red Sea

  21. 3. Thebes“City of a 1,000 Gates” • *2nd capital city

  22. 4. HyksosPrinces of the Desert • *1st invasion of Egypt 1652 BC • crossed Sinai Peninsula • Horses & War Chariots

  23. 5. Tale of Sinhue • basis for: Sinbad the Sailor

  24. C. New Kingdom 1570 BC - 1090 BC • Empire Age • 1. Queen Hatshepsut “Queen Pharaoh” 1473 BC – 1458 BC • *1st female ruler in history • wore ceremonial beard

  25. 2. Thutmose III “Napoleon of Egypt” • empire reaches its greatest size • conquers Syria & Persia

  26. Obelisks“symbol of the sun” • pointed stone pillars

  27. 3. Amenhotep IV“The Heretic” 1353 - 1336 BC religious revolution Polytheism to Monotheism many gods one god Aton provider of entire world (new god) sun disc *symbol Akenaton It goes well with Aton Amenhotepchanged his name to this

  28. Amenhotep

  29. 4. Queen Nefertiti “The beautiful one that has come” • wife of Amenhotep IV • restored polytheism?

  30. 5. King Tutankhamen 1332 - 1322 BC • King Tut / Boy King • died at age 18 • Howard Carter 1922 AD • discovered Tut's Tomb • at Valley of Kings • 3,200 years untouched • 5,000 works of art

  31. Howard Carter

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