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A Healthy Pregnancy. Unit Two Prenatal Development. Objectives:. To name the three stages of Pregnancy Describe the prenatal development during each of the three stages of Pregnancy. Signs of pregnancy. Heaviness in breasts and abdomen Nipples full and tender Morning sickness- nausea
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A Healthy Pregnancy Unit Two Prenatal Development
Objectives: • To name the three stages of Pregnancy • Describe the prenatal development during each of the three stages of Pregnancy
Signs of pregnancy • Heaviness in breasts and abdomen • Nipples full and tender • Morning sickness- nausea • More frequent urination • vaginal discharge • Missed period • Heightened smell and taste
Testing for pregnancy • 1. Urine [doctor or home test ] • 2. blood [ more accurate at earlier stage]
Tests- over 100 birth defects diagnosed prenatally • Amniocentesis- testing for birth defects • Removal of amniotic fluid to be tested. Risky because you could drain the amnio fluid/rupture something and miscarry.
Ultrasound-producing a picture through high frequency sound waves
Chorionic Villus Sampling • Similar to an amnio. • tests the placenta tissue for abnormalities • Possible reasons for having a CVS can include: • Abnormal ultrasound • Parents carry a genetic disorder.
1. Zygote Stage • A period of rapid cell growth. • Begins at conception and lasts until the zygote is implanted in the mother’s uterus. • The period of the Zygote lasts approximately two weeks (10-14 days) • The zygote grows to be about the size of a pinhead. Roots grow from the zygote into the wall of the uterus where they can receive nutrients from the mother’s blood.
2. Embryo Stage • the developing cluster of cells in the uterus & lasts from about 2 weeks to 8 weeks after conception • The embryo is attached to the mother by the umbilical cord (20 inches long) which reaches from the embryo’s stomach to the wall of the uterus. • The umbilical cord contains arteries which carry the embryo’s waste into the mother’s blood system to be purified. It also brings oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood back to the embryo to keep it alive.
Period of the EmbryoFirst Month • the embryo is about 1/10 of an inch long. The heart, which is no larger than a poppy seed, has begun beating.
Period of the Embryo • The umbilical cord is connected to the placenta. • The placenta is an organ which exchanges the baby’s waste for nutrients between the mother and the fetus. • Throughout this period, the embryo is inside the amniotic sac (a bag filled with watery substance called amniotic fluid). The fluid will protect the developing baby against bumps, bruises and temperature changes. • During this period all of the organs that will be present at birth are formed.
Two Months The embryo is about 1 inch long and has distinct, slightly webbed fingers. Veins are clearly visible. The heart has divided into right and left chambers.
3. Fetus Stage - 3 months to term • This period extends from the end of the second month until birth. During this stage, the developing baby is referred to as a fetus. • The body parts, organs and systems which were formed during the embryo period will become much more developed and begin to function. • The fetus will begin to resemble a human being and features will become clear. • During the fetal period, the baby may increase in length as much as twelve inches.
Three Month Fetus • By now the fetus is 2 1/2 to 3 inches long and is fully formed. • It has begun swallowing and kicking. • All organs and muscles have formed and are beginning to function.
Quickening • The sensation of feeling life is called quickening. • tells the mother that she has a life within her. • Happens sometimes between the 4th or 5th month. • These fluttering movements are faint or infrequent at first but gradually become stronger and more frequent.
Fetus - 4 Months • Your baby is covered with a layer of thick, downy hair called lanugo. • Baby’s heartbeat can be heard clearly. This is when you may feel your baby's first kick
Fetus 5 Months • A protective coating called vernix caseosa begins to form on baby's skin. • By the end of this month, your baby will be nearly 8 inches long and weigh almost a pound!
Fetus 6 Months • Eyebrows and eyelids are visible. • Baby's lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, and they have started breathing motions. • If you talk or sing, baby can hear you.
Fetus 7 Months • By the end of the seventh month, your baby weighs about 3 1/2 pounds and is about 12 inches long. • His body is well-formed. • Fingernails cover his fingertips. • You will have gained about 25 lbs.
Fetus 8 Months • Your baby is gaining about half a pound per week, and layers of fat are piling on. • Baby has probably turned head-down in preparation for birth. • weighs between 4 and 6 pounds.
Fetus 9 Months • Your baby is a hefty 6 to 9 pounds and measures between 19 and 22 inches. • As he becomes more crowded, you may feel him move around less.
Lightening • Sometimes during the ninth month, the baby’s weight seems to shift down and the mother feels more comfortable in her upper abdomen. • This is called Lightening • This means the baby has dropped into the birth canal and birth is not far off
Weight Gain The recommended weight gain for the average woman during pregnancy is 25-30 pounds and is distributed as follows:
