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EMOTION AND REASON IN SAFE SEX COMMUNICATION AND WARNING: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION DESIGN

EMOTION AND REASON IN SAFE SEX COMMUNICATION AND WARNING: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION DESIGN. ROSS BUCK UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT PRESENTATION TO THE CENTER FOR HEALTH INTERVENTION AND PREVENTION (CHIP) Thursday, January 21, 2010. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. Rebecca Ferrer Arjun Chaudhuri

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EMOTION AND REASON IN SAFE SEX COMMUNICATION AND WARNING: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION DESIGN

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  1. EMOTION AND REASON INSAFE SEX COMMUNICATION AND WARNING:IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION DESIGN ROSS BUCK UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT PRESENTATION TO THE CENTER FOR HEALTH INTERVENTION AND PREVENTION (CHIP) Thursday, January 21, 2010

  2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Rebecca Ferrer Arjun Chaudhuri Erika Anderson Ipshita Ray

  3. DEFINING EMOTION

  4. DEFINING EMOTION EMOTION IS OFTEN VIEWED AS RELATIVELY UNDIFFERENTIATED COMPARED WITH COGNITION

  5. DEFINING EMOTION EMOTION IS OFTEN VIEWED AS RELATIVELY UNDIFFERENTIATED COMPARED WITH COGNITION AROUSAL PLUS ASSOCIATED COGNITIONS

  6. DEFINING EMOTION EMOTION IS OFTEN VIEWED AS RELATIVELY UNDIFFERENTIATED COMPARED WITH COGNITION AROUSAL PLUS ASSOCIATED COGNITIONS POSITIVE-NEGATIVE AND STRONG-WEAK DIMENSIONS

  7. DEFINING EMOTION EMOTION IS OFTEN VIEWED AS RELATIVELY UNDIFFERENTIATED COMPARED WITH COGNITION AROUSAL PLUS ASSOCIATED COGNITIONS POSITIVE-NEGATIVE AND STRONG-WEAK DIMENSIONS PRIMARY AFFECTS: HAPPINESS, SADNESS, FEAR, ANGER

  8. DEFINING EMOTION EMOTION IS OFTEN VIEWED AS RELATIVELY UNDIFFERENTIATED COMPARED WITH COGNITION AROUSAL PLUS ASSOCIATED COGNITIONS POSITIVE-NEGATIVE AND STRONG-WEAK DIMENSIONS PRIMARY AFFECTS: HAPPINESS, SADNESS, FEAR, ANGER HOWEVER, EMERGING RESEARCH HAS SUPPORTED A MULTILEVEL, HIERARCHICAL VIEW OF HUMAN EMOTION

  9. DEFINING EMOTION EMOTION IS OFTEN VIEWED AS RELATIVELY UNDIFFERENTIATED COMPARED WITH COGNITION AROUSAL PLUS ASSOCIATED COGNITIONS POSITIVE-NEGATIVE AND STRONG-WEAK DIMENSIONS PRIMARY AFFECTS: HAPPINESS, SADNESS, FEAR, ANGER HOWEVER, EMERGING RESEARCH HAS SUPPORTED A MULTILEVEL, HIERARCHICAL VIEW OF HUMAN EMOTION THIS IS CONSISTENT WITH LONG-TERM FINDINGS IN AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE

  10. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS

  11. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL:

  12. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS

  13. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PEPTIDE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROHORMONES

  14. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PEPTIDE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROHORMONES RELATED TO SUBJECTIVELY EXPERIENCED FEELINGS AND DESIRES: AFFECTS

  15. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PEPTIDE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROHORMONES RELATED TO SUBJECTIVELY EXPERIENCED FEELINGS AND DESIRES: AFFECTS SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL:

  16. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PEPTIDE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROHORMONES RELATED TO SUBJECTIVELY EXPERIENCED FEELINGS AND DESIRES: AFFECTS SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL: COMMUNICATIVE DISPLAYS (PHEROMONES, FACE EXPR.)

  17. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PEPTIDE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROHORMONES RELATED TO SUBJECTIVELY EXPERIENCED FEELINGS AND DESIRES: AFFECTS SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL: COMMUNICATIVE DISPLAYS (PHEROMONES, FACE EXPR.) SOCIAL AFFORDANCES

  18. EMOTION IS AN ENTITY AT BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL LEVELS BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: SPECIFIABLE NEUROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PEPTIDE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROHORMONES RELATED TO SUBJECTIVELY EXPERIENCED FEELINGS AND DESIRES: AFFECTS SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL: COMMUNICATIVE DISPLAYS (PHEROMONES, FACE EXPR.) SOCIAL AFFORDANCES BASIS OF SPECIES SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

  19. EXAMPLE: FEAR

  20. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES

  21. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT)

  22. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE

  23. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE PANIC: CHOLECYSTOKININ(CCK)

  24. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE PANIC: CHOLECYSTOKININ(CCK) SEPARATION ANXIETY: ENDORPHINS, OXYTOCIN

  25. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE PANIC: CHOLECYSTOKININ(CCK) SEPARATION ANXIETY: ENDORPHINS, OXYTOCIN SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL LEVEL: COMMUNICATION OF THREAT

  26. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE PANIC: CHOLECYSTOKININ(CCK) SEPARATION ANXIETY: ENDORPHINS, OXYTOCIN SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL LEVEL: COMMUNICATION OF THREAT UNIVERSAL FEAR FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

  27. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE PANIC: CHOLECYSTOKININ(CCK) SEPARATION ANXIETY: ENDORPHINS, OXYTOCIN SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL LEVEL: COMMUNICATION OF THREAT UNIVERSAL FEAR FACIAL EXPRESSIONS VOCALIZATIONS (SEPARATION CRY)

  28. EXAMPLE: FEAR BIOLOGICAL LEVEL: AFFECTIVE/COGNITIVE MODULES ANXIETY: BENZODIAZEPINES (LIBRIUM, VALIUM, ZOLOFT) STRESS: CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR, CORTISONE PANIC: CHOLECYSTOKININ(CCK) SEPARATION ANXIETY: ENDORPHINS, OXYTOCIN SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL LEVEL: COMMUNICATION OF THREAT UNIVERSAL FEAR FACIAL EXPRESSIONS VOCALIZATIONS (SEPARATION CRY) BEHAVIORS SIGNALING ESCAPE/AVOIDANCE

  29. THE RELATIONSHIP OF EMOTION AND REASON

  30. Relative influence REASON EMOTION The Affect/Reason Continuum Highly rational arguments Highly affective arguments

  31. Reason (analytic cognition): How much do you think about this object? = R = A Affect (syncretic cognition): How much do you feel about this object? The ARI Model AFFECT-REASON-INVOLVEMENT

  32. Indifference Low Reason Involvement Affect High High A/R Ratio Low A/R Ratio Affect-Reason Continuum Highly Affective Arguments Highly Rational Arguments

  33. Indifference Low Reason Involvement Level of Involvement LI = (A + R) / 2 Affect High High A/R Ratio Low A/R Ratio Measuring affect, reason, and involvement A/R ratio = A / R

  34. Reason-Affect Maps (RAMs): Reason Affect C D A B High A B Level of Involvement (A + R) / 2 C D Low Low High A / R Ratio

  35. High Level of Involvement (A + R) / 2 Low Low High A / R Ratio AUTOS INSURANCE CANDY PAPER PRODUCTS Reason-Affect Maps: RAMs

  36. 2.0 AFFECT MORE IMPORTANT HEADACHE MEDICINE 1.5 EQUAL AFFECT- REASON BALANCE 1.0 0.5 REASON MORE IMPORTANT 0 CURIOSITY PROSOCIAL INDIVIST SEX POWER U.S. INDIA

  37. 2.0 AFFECT MORE IMPORTANT INSECT REPELLANT 1.5 EQUAL AFFECT- REASON BALANCE 1.0 0.5 REASON MORE IMPORTANT 0 CURIOSITY PROSOCIAL INDIVIST SEX POWER U.S. INDIA

  38. 2.0 AFFECT MORE IMPORTANT GREETING CARDS 1.5 EQUAL AFFECT- REASON BALANCE 1.0 0.5 REASON MORE IMPORTANT 0 CURIOSITY PROSOCIAL INDIVIST SEX POWER U.S. INDIA

  39. 2.0 AFFECT MORE IMPORTANT CONDOMS 1.5 EQUAL AFFECT- REASON BALANCE 1.0 0.5 REASON MORE IMPORTANT 0 CURIOSITY PROSOCIAL INDIVIST SEX POWER U.S. INDIA

  40. THUS, CONDOMS (AND SEX) ARE HIGHLY EMOTIONALLY CHARGED

  41. THUS, CONDOMS (AND SEX) ARE HIGHLY EMOTIONALLY CHARGED WE NEED A THEORY OF UNREASONED ACTION TO FULLY ACCOUNT FOR CONDOM USE

  42. THUS, CONDOMS (AND SEX) ARE HIGHLY EMOTIONALLY CHARGED WE NEED A THEORY OF UNREASONED ACTION TO FULLY ACCOUNT FOR CONDOM USE HOW IS EMOTION UNIQUE?

  43. THUS, CONDOMS (AND SEX) ARE HIGHLY EMOTIONALLY CHARGED WE NEED A THEORY OF UNREASONED ACTION TO FULLY ACCOUNT FOR CONDOM USE HOW IS EMOTION UNIQUE? HOW DOES EMOTIONAL PROCESSING DIFFER FROM RATIONAL PROCESSING?

  44. THUS, CONDOMS (AND SEX) ARE HIGHLY EMOTIONALLY CHARGED WE NEED A THEORY OF UNREASONED ACTION TO FULLY ACCOUNT FOR CONDOM USE HOW IS EMOTION UNIQUE? HOW DOES EMOTIONAL PROCESSING DIFFER FROM RATIONAL PROCESSING? CAN EMOTIONAL FACTORS REALLY BE MEASURED?

  45. THE SOCIAL LEARNING PROCESS ASSOCIATED WITH EMOTION IS UNIQUE

  46. Emotion III Three "readouts" of emotion Emotion II Emotion I

  47. Primary motivational- emotional system (Prime)

  48. Emotion I Autonomic, endocrine, immune system responding

  49. Functions: Adaptation and the maintenance of homeostasis Emotion I Autonomic, endocrine, immune system responding

  50. Emotion II Expressive Displays: Facial expressions, postures, pheromones Emotion I

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