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IPCC 2006 GLs: Waste

IPCC 2006 GLs: Waste. Riitta Pipatti and Sonia Vieria (CLAs)

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IPCC 2006 GLs: Waste

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  1. IPCC 2006 GLs:Waste Riitta Pipatti and Sonia Vieria (CLAs) Anthony Adegbulugbe, Joao Alves, Michiel Doorn, Sabin Guendehou, Leif Hockstad, Bill Irving, Matthias Koch, Carlos Lopez, Katarina Mareckova, Newton Paciornic, Craig Palmer, Elizabeth Scheele, Chhemendra Sharma, Alison Smith, Per Svardal, Sirin Towprayoon, Mario Tonosaki, Gao Qingxiang, Masato Yamada, Can Wang

  2. Contents of the presentation • Contents of the Waste volume • Overview of main anticipated changes/improvements and challenges in the work

  3. Contents of the Waste Volume Overview and cross-cutting issues • Introduction to the contents, major changes to 96GLs and GPG2000, references to other volumes Solid Waste Treatment and Disposal • Waste generation, waste compostion • Solid waste disposal sites (SWDS) including semi-aerobic landfills, composting, biogas facilities Waste Incineration • Including open burning of waste Wastewater Handling and Human Sewage • Domestic and industrial wastewater treatment • Septic tanks and latrines

  4. Gases CO2 emissions in the Waste sector • SWDS: 40 - 50% of landfill gas is CO2 • wastewater treatment: 20 - 40% CO2 • composting: CO2 main greenhouse gas emitted Biogenic origin - therefore not included in the national total emissions • waste incineration or open burning of waste • mix of fossil and biogenic waste CO2 emissions from the fossil part to be included in the inventory

  5. Gases • CH4 and N2O • methodologies provided for all treatment of waste expect for N2O from SWDS (negligible) • NMVOCs, NOx • references to methodologies under other agreements

  6. Solid waste treatment and disposal • starting point: waste generation and waste composition • alternative and complementing treatment technigues • methodologies based on estimation of emissions from individual treatment techniques but guidance will also be provided how waste treatment chains affect the estimation of the emissions

  7. STREAM A (composting) (total 100 >> 78 ton) (Mois. 20 >> 30 ton) (DOC 40 >>8 ton) Paper Waste GENERATION (total 1000 ton) (Mois. 200 ton) (DOC 400 ton) STREAM B (incineration) (total 200 >> 20 ton) (Mois. 20 >> 5 ton) (DOC 40 >>0 ton) SWDS (total 293 ton) (Mois. 50 ton) (DOC 48 ton) RESOURCE RECOVERY (total 500 ton) (Mois. 100 ton) (DOC 200 ton) STREAM C (direct landfilling) (total 200 >> 195 ton) (Mois. 20 >> 15 ton) (DOC 40 >> 40 ton) Example of a waste treatment chain

  8. Updated default data on waste generation and treatment

  9. Updated default data on waste composition and DOC content • waste (MSW) compostion by region • including average moisture content (time dependence to the extent information available) • industrial and other waste types - only general guidance • DOC table (DOC in dry matter) • wood • textiles • Garden and park waste • Food waste • sludge (by type if data available) • straw

  10. CH4 emissions from SWDS Methodological Issues 96GLs and GPG2000: Mass balance method and a First Order Decay (FOD) methods • results are not comparable: • mass balance method estimates potential future emissions from the waste deposited during the inventory year • FOD method estimates actual emission in the inventory year taking from waste in SWDSs in the inventory year (taking past waste disposal into account)

  11. CH4 emissions from SWDS • IPCC 2006 GLs • Use of the FOD method recommended for all • development of a simple Tier 1 FOD method • provides also data on carbon stored in the SWDS • step by step guidance how to use the model • worksheet (Excel model) • Mass balance model (last resort)

  12. CH4 emissions from SWDS • FOD model needs historial data on historial waste disposal • Step by step guidance how to obtain historical data on MSW disposal: (i) waste statistics where available (ii) extrapolation using drivers • population and GDP (correlation to be provided) • energy consumption • Urban population • Population

  13. Waste incineration • CO2 (from fossil fraction in waste), N2O and CH4 (no guidance in 96GLs or GPG2000) • Guidance for waste incineration in general - emissions from waste burned for energy reported in the Energy Sector • Guidance on open burning • challenges: activity data collection, EFs • open burning of waste at landfills (impact on CH4 emissions from SWDS under previous section)

  14. Wastewater treatment and Human Sewage • municipal and industrial wastewater treatment (CH4 and N2O) • Tier structure to be developed • N2O from industrial wastewater treatment • update and development of default data a challenge • guidance also on emissions from septic tanks and latrines • links to other parts of the waste volume (SWDS, incineration) as well as the AFOLU sector

  15. Challenges • Waste treatment varies significantly - both regionally and within the countries (waste management decision-making typically made at local level) • Waste management undergoing changes at present in many regions => development of general guidance covering all options a challenge

  16. Challenges • Activity data poor data in many countries and it changes with time => Default data will be provided but collection and use of country-specific data recommended • Methods and parameters to estimate the emissions contain many uncertainties => Data from measurements and e.g. landfill gas recovery will improve the methods - availability in time for the 2006 GLs?

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