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Gena Gibson – senior consultant

A long-term policy framework for low-carbon transport 低碳交通的长期政策框架. Gena Gibson – senior consultant. Policy options Reduce the GHG intensity of fuels Tighten car CO 2 emission standards Introduce CO 2 targets for vans and heavy duty vehicles Increase fuel taxes “Polluter pays”

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Gena Gibson – senior consultant

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  1. A long-term policy framework for low-carbon transport 低碳交通的长期政策框架 Gena Gibson – senior consultant

  2. Policy options • Reduce the GHG intensity of fuels • Tighten car CO2 emission standards • Introduce CO2 targets for vans and heavy duty vehicles • Increase fuel taxes • “Polluter pays” • Teach efficient driving techniques • Reduce speed limits • Spatial planning measures Cutting transport emissions in Europe欧洲减排政策 A long-term policy framework for low-carbon transport 低碳交通的长期政策框架 具体政策 • 降低燃料对温室气体的排放 • 提高汽车尾气二氧化碳排放标准 • 对货车及重型车辆推广二氧化碳排放额目标 • 提高燃料税额 • “污染责任承包” • 培训减排驾驶技巧 • 降低公路限速 • 有效计划空间利用

  3. Ricardo-AEA Modelling 减排方法 Policy scenario Vehicle technologies 车辆技术 • Engine technology • Non-engine technology • Electric and hybrid technology • Biofuels • Hydrogen fuel cells • 引擎技术 • 非引擎技术 • 电力及混动技术 • 生物燃料 • 氢气燃料电池 SULTAN scenario analysis tool Transport modes (7 passenger, 6 freight) All major modes of transport covered Powertrain technologies All major current and future options for vehicle drivetrains Energy carriers / fuels Each powertrain technology can use up to 3 Behavioural & operational 日常运作 • 有效计划基础设施与空间 • 智能化交通系统 • 速度与车流管理 • 向低排放车辆转型 • Infrastructure & spatial planning • Intelligent transport systems • Speed & traffic management • Shift to more efficient vehicles GHG emissions Co-benefits Costs

  4. Results from scenario analysis实际案例分析 百万吨二氧化碳等量温室气体 没有政策控制的二氧化碳总排放

  5. Results from scenario analysis实际案例分析 百万吨二氧化碳等量温室气体 Reduction of fuel GHG 减少燃料产生的温室气体 Vehicle efficiency 减少车辆产生的温室气体 Demand efficiency 排放限额交易利益驱使 (有效需求)

  6. Results from scenario analysis实际案例分析 Weaker/stronger vehicle efficiency standards could mean under/over achieving targets by up to 100 MtCO2

  7. Marginal abatement cost curves边际减排成本线 Cost per ton CO2 reduction 减少每吨二氧化碳的成本 High cost 高成本 Low cost 低成本 0 Negative cost 负成本 Annual CO2reduction 年度二氧化碳减排 • Analyse costs and emission reductions of different packages of measures • Analyse interaction between different options • Prioritize options in order of cost effectiveness • 分析不同政策的减排量与相关成本 • 分析不同政策之间的相互联系 • 根据性价比排列政策效率

  8. UK road transport英国道路交通 生物燃料 电动车辆 混合动力 车辆 Used to develop UK’s Climate Change Act 英国《气候变化法案》已实施减排措施

  9. Gena Gibson Senior Consultant – Sustainable Transport +44 (0)1235 753526 Gena.Gibson@ricardo-aea.com www.ricardo-aea.com

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