9 th Grade Grammar Review

1. 9th Grade Grammar Review Pronoun References and Parallelism

2. What can go wrong in a sentence? • Subject – Verb Agreement • Pronoun – Antecedent Agreement • Incorrect Pronoun Case • Modifiers (Dangling and Misplaced) • Lack of parallelism • Unclear Pronoun Reference (ambiguous, general and weak) • Run ons – Comma splice

3. Do you remember? An organization of homeowners and merchants has been formedto keep the A B mayor informed of their concerns about the C D proposal to build a new stadium. No error. E

4. What is wrong here? The achievements as well as the failures of the space program has been a matter of A B contention for many years as interest groups of many kinds compete for a share of the C D federal budget. No error. E

5. What is wrong here? The argument between he and his friends A forced him to find a new lunch table, and he B C eventually moved on to a new and better D group of friends. No error. E

6. How to improve a sentence… Driving to Litchfield, the freezing rain made the road slippery and hazardous. • Driving to Litchfield • While we drove to Litchfield • Enroute to Litchfield • To drive to Litchfield • We drove to Litchfield

7. What can go wrong in a sentence? • Subject – Verb Agreement • Pronoun – Antecedent Agreement • Incorrect Pronoun Case • Modifiers (Dangling and Misplaced) • Lack of parallelism • Unclear Pronoun Reference (ambiguous, general and weak) • Run ons – Comma splice

8. Parallelism • Parallel ideas in a series should be expressed in the same grammatical form. • Her parents objected to the loud music she played and to the late hours she kept. • Parallel prepositional phrases

9. Verbs also must be coordinated • Going out to eat no longer thrills me as much as to cook at home. • Going out to eat no longer thrills me as much as cooking at home.

10. Error? Its large size, simple structure, and how readily available it is, make the common cockroach convenient to study.

11. Error? One of the accident victims suffered a broken arm, several broken ribs, and one of her lungs was punctured.

12. Error? Water skiing no longer interests me as much as to go scuba diving.

13. Error? Ms. Connor’s lectures are easier to comprehend than Ms. Moore.

14. Pronoun Problems Pronouns refer clearly to the nouns that they replace. The teacher told the student that it was her responsibility to hand out the books.

15. Mike became a good friend of Mark’s after he helped him repair his car. When Dave phoned his father, he wasn’t feeling well.

16. Implied Reference • Watch out for it, they, and you and the relative pronouns which, that and this. • On the news last night, they said that unemployment is down again. • On the news last night, Brian Williams said that unemployment is down again.

17. Practice Choose the letter that identifies the error in the sentences that follow

18. Upon reviewing a map of his property, John realized that he A could not build the barn where he had intended because B it belonged to a neighboring farmer. No error. C D E

19. Because a basketball scout from the university was in the A B bleachers, Kurt’s coach knew that it was essential for him to C D play well during the final game against their school’s arch-rival. No error. E

20. Excessive sugar intakecan lead to addiction, obesity, and A B C to a person with diabetes. No error. D E

21. In a beginning ballet class, a dancer learns the five positions, A B about ballet’s history, and arm exercises. No error. C D E