Review for Exam

1. Review for Exam • Same format • Topics • Deep Sea • Subtidal Benthic • Intertidal • Meiofauna • Estuaries and Salt Marshes • Don’t forget Oceans in the News • Website will be up-to-date by tomorrow AM • Outlines and ppt files (there already) • Practice questions

2. Review for Exam • Think about similarities and differences in these different habitats • Abiotic factors • Biotic factors • Adaptations • Types of organisms

3. The Review Game • If you want to play, pick up one A,B,C, and D (these are not grades!) • Stand up • Multiple choice questions – hold up your answer choice; sit down if you are incorrect • Last 5 left standing will win bonus points!

4. A soft bottom intertidal area with low wave action would be expected to have • Gravel substrate • Coarse sand substrate • Fine sand substrate • Mud substrate

5. A soft bottom intertidal area with low wave action would be expected to have • Gravel substrate • Coarse sand substrate • Fine sand substrate • Mud substrate

6. The base of the food chain for marine hydrothermal vents is which of the following? • Algae • Copepods • Vestimentiferan worms • Bacteria

7. The base of the food chain for marine hydrothermal vents is which of the following? • Algae • Copepods • Vestimentiferan worms • Bacteria

8. Exclusion of one species from a shallow subtidal region due to the activities of another species (not including predation) is called: • Competitive interference • Disturbance • Keystone exploitation • Grazing

9. Exclusion of one species from a shallow subtidal region due to the activities of another species (not including predation) is called: • Competitive interference • Disturbance • Keystone exploitation • Grazing

10. In the rocky intertidal zone, which of the following resources is in limited supply? • Food • Oxygen • Space • Mates

11. In the rocky intertidal zone, which of the following resources is in limited supply? • Food • Oxygen • Space • Mates

12. Members of which of the following phyla live only in the marine interstitial? • Cnidaria • Gnathostomulida • Echinodermata • Nematoda

13. Members of which of the following phyla live only in the marine interstitial? • Cnidaria • Gnathostomulida • Echinodermata • Nematoda

14. Which of the following is not a problem in the open water of the mesopelagic or deep-sea? • Finding food • Salinity changes • High pressure • Finding mates

15. Which of the following is not a problem in the open water of the mesopelagic or deep-sea? • Finding food • Salinity changes • High pressure • Finding mates

16. Extreme changes in temperature are not a physical characteristic in which environment? • Deep sea vents • Tidal pools • Subtidal benthos • Salt marshes

17. Extreme changes in temperature are not a physical characteristic in which environment? • Deep sea vents • Tidal pools • Subtidal benthos • Salt marshes

18. In salt marshes and estuaries, which nutrient is most often limiting to primary production? • Phosphorus • Iron • Sulfur • Nitrogen

19. In salt marshes and estuaries, which nutrient is most often limiting to primary production? • Phosphorus • Iron • Sulfur • Nitrogen

20. The predators with the biggest effects on entire infaunal communities in the subtidal are: • Surface predators • Digging predators • Burrowing predators • Meiofauna

21. The predators with the biggest effects on entire infaunal communities in the subtidal are: • Surface predators • Digging predators • Burrowing predators • Meiofauna

22. These subtidal benthic communities have high species diversity and endemism • Antarctic • Arctic • Temperate • Onondaga Lake

23. These subtidal benthic communities have high species diversity and endemism • Antarctic • Arctic • Temperate • Onondaga Lake

24. Kelp forests form throughout the world in: • Cold temperate waters with sandy bottoms • Cold temperate waters with hard bottoms • Warm temperate waters with sandy bottoms • Warm temperate waters with hard bottoms

25. Kelp forests form throughout the world in: • Cold temperate waters with sandy bottoms • Cold temperate waters with hard bottoms • Warm temperate waters with sandy bottoms • Warm temperate waters with hard bottoms

26. As you go deeper in the sediments through the redox potential discontinuity, the redox potential changes rapidly from • Zero at surface to negative at depth • Zero at surface to positive at depth • Positive at surface to negative at depth • Negative at surface to positive at depth

27. As you go deeper in the sediments through the redox potential discontinuity, the redox potential changes rapidly from • Zero at surface to negative at depth • Zero at surface to positive at depth • Positive at surface to negative at depth • Negative at surface to positive at depth

28. Most deep water abyssal animals are • Herbivores • Parasites • Primary producers • Scavengers

29. Most deep water abyssal animals are • Herbivores • Parasites • Primary producers • Scavengers

30. Many chemosynthetic organisms use as their primary inorganic energy source • H2O • H2S • CO2 • SeO2

31. Many chemosynthetic organisms use as their primary inorganic energy source • H2O • H2S • CO2 • SeO2

32. One example of allochthonous food sources in an estuary is: • Detritus from benthic diatoms • Detritus from estuarine phytoplankton • Detritus from seagrass beds • Detritus from rivers

33. One example of allochthonous food sources in an estuary is: • Detritus from benthic diatoms • Detritus from estuarine phytoplankton • Detritus from seagrass beds • Detritus from rivers

34. This organism is a: • Osmoconformer at low salinities and an osmoregulator at high salinities • Osmoregulator at low salinities and an osmoconformer at high salinities • Always an osmoconformer • Always and osmoregulator

35. This organism is a: • Osmoconformer at low salinities and an osmoregulator at high salinities • Osmoregulator at low salinities and an osmoconformer at high salinities • Always an osmoconformer • Always and osmoregulator

36. In the deep sea, most of the food is: • Autochthonous and evenly distributed • Autochthonous and patchily distributed • Allochthonous and evenly distributed • Allochthonous and patchily distributed

37. In the deep sea, most of the food is: • Autochthonous and evenly distributed • Autochthonous and patchily distributed • Allochthonous and evenly distributed • Allochthonous and patchily distributed

38. One adaptation of estuarine plants to high salinities is: • Aerenchyma • High rates of photosynthesis • Succulence • Strong root systems

39. One adaptation of estuarine plants to high salinities is: • Aerenchyma • High rates of photosynthesis • Succulence • Strong root systems

40. Which of the following is not a hypothesis to explain deep sea diversity? • Stability time hypothesis • Keystone predation hypothesis • Cropper/disturbance hypothesis • Area hypothesis

41. Which of the following is not a hypothesis to explain deep sea diversity? • Stability time hypothesis • Keystone predation hypothesis • Cropper/disturbance hypothesis • Area hypothesis

42. In which of the following communities is there little or no chemosynthesis? • Rocky intertidal • Muddy intertidal • Deep sea vents • Cold seeps

43. In which of the following communities is there little or no chemosynthesis? • Rocky intertidal • Muddy intertidal • Deep sea vents • Cold seeps

44. There are lots of periwinkles (gastropods) in the: • Supralittoral fringe • Midlittoral zone • Infralittoral fringe • Infralittoral zone

45. There are lots of periwinkles (gastropods) in the: • Supralittoral fringe • Midlittoral zone • Infralittoral fringe • Infralittoral zone