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National Biology

This recap covers key concepts in biology related to proteins and enzymes. It addresses important questions such as the meanings of transcription and translation, locations of DNA and protein synthesis, and the role of mRNA in transporting genetic code to ribosomes. Learn about the structure of proteins, how amino acid sequences determine their form, and the different types of proteins, including globular, fibrous, and conjugated proteins. Engage with interactive activities to reinforce your understanding of these essential biological processes.

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National Biology

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Presentation Transcript

  1. National Biology Proteins and Enzymes a: Protein structures

  2. Recap • Using ABCD cards or mini-whiteboards answer the following questions

  3. 1. What is the meaning of transcription? • To translate something • To copy something • To make something

  4. 2. What is the meaning of translation? • To copy something • To make something • To decode something

  5. 3. Where is DNA found? • The ribosomes • The cytoplasm • Mitochondria • Nucleus

  6. 4. Where is protein made? • The nucleus • The cytoplasm • The nucleus • The ribosomes

  7. 5. What information is found on DNA? • The genetic code for proteins • The jeans for protein • Protein

  8. 6. How is the code on DNA transported to ribosome? • DNA leaves the nucleus • Proteins take it there • mRNA molecule takes it there

  9. 7. What is the mRNA molecule used for? • The code to put protein in order • The code to put amino acids in order • The code to put jeans in order • The code to put genes in order

  10. What are we learning today? We are learning to: • To state what protein is • Explain why the structure of proteins is determined by amino acids sequence • To state what the different forms of protein are

  11. What is protein? • Protein is composed of many amino acids joined together • Amino acids are small molecules - there are only 20 - 8 of which are essential i.e. you cannot make them yourself and have to get them from what you eat.

  12. The amino acids IonSource, LLC

  13. How protein is made • Protein starts off at the ribosome as a single chain called a polypeptide

  14. How protein is made cont’d • The amino acid sequence determines how the protein is folded into the many different types of proteins we have.

  15. Types of protein • Globular Protein - Rounded shape - Hormones - Enzymes - Antibodies

  16. Types of protein cont’d • Fibrous - coiled - keratin in nails, skin and hair - collagen

  17. Types of protein cont’d • Conjugated • Contains protein and non-protein part • haemoglobin

  18. Summary • Find someone who (record answers on paper) • Can tell you how protein is made • Can tell you how many amino acids there are • Can describe fibrous protein and give an example • Can describe globular protein and give an example • Can describe conjugated protein and give an example

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