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Present Perfect vs. Past Simple

Present Perfect vs. Past Simple. Usages. Is the time Sheila joined the Sierra Club the same or different?. Sheila has joined the Sierra Club. Sheila joined the Sierra Club.

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Present Perfect vs. Past Simple

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  1. Present Perfect vs. Past Simple Usages

  2. Is the time Sheila joined the Sierra Club the same or different? • Sheila has joined the Sierra Club. • Sheila joined the Sierra Club. The use of the present perfect has more to do with our present perspective on the event rather than on the actual time at which it took place.

  3. Present Perfect or Simple Past? • The simple past tense occurs with specific past-time adverbials. The use of specific past-time adverbials (e.g., yesterday, last year, 1990) makes the past tense obligatory. The use of more general temporal adverbials is commonly associated with the perfect (e.g. already, since, yet).

  4. Present Perfect or Simple Past • ACTIVITY • Organise the phrases in the next slide into three columns: • Used ONLY with this sentence in simple past: “ I first met Allie....” • Used ONLY with this sentence present perfect . “ They´ve worked together...” • Used with BOTH.

  5. Used with Simple Past • “ I first met Allie....” • .... In year 2000 • .... during my holidays • .... three months ago • .... last year

  6. Used with Present Perfect • “ They´ve worked together...” • ..... since 1999 • ..... for a long time • ..... since the beginning of the year • ..... for 10 years

  7. Present Perfect or Simple Past? • Even if a past-time adverbial isn’t explicit, the remoteness may be defined elsewhere in the context or simply implied: • John Lennon was a creative genius.

  8. Present Perfect or Simple Past? • The past tense is used for a completed or finished period versus an incomplete one: • My father lived here all his life. (finished). • My father has lived here all his life. (incomplete, he is still living here)

  9. Present Perfect or Simple Past? • The function of the present perfect is to emphasize the result of the fact. • I’ve been to Japan twice already, but I still don’t speak much Japanese.

  10. Overview • The past simple is used by speakers to talk about past events which are, or which they regard as finalized. • The present perfect is used by speakers to talk about events which are still current, or which they want to highlight as being incomplete or still relevant.

  11. END OF THE PRESENTATION • Now please go to page 133 and do activities 2 A a and 2 A b

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